Erratum: Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the Universe

Perlmutter, S.; Aldering, G.; Valle, M. Della; Deustua, S.; Ellis, Richard S.; Fabbro, S.; Fruchter, A. S.; Goldhaber, G.; Goobar, A.; Groom, D. E.; Hook, I. M.; Kim, A. G.; Kim, M. Y.; Knop, R. A.; Lidman, C.; McMahon, R. G.; Nugent, P.; Pain, R.; Panagia, N.; Pennypacker, C.; Ruiz‐Lapuente, P.; Schaefer, B.; Walton, N. A.

doi:10.1038/32711

Cited by 72 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…The light curves of distant type Ia supernovae, which describe their flux as a function of time, appear to be stretched by time dilation in proportion to the redshift factor (Leibundgut et al 1996, Goldhaber et al 1997, Riess et al 1997, Filippenko & Riess 1998, Perlmutter et al 1998, Foley et al 2005. Advocates of TL were not convinced of this interpretation (Brynjolfsson 2006, Crawford 2009), because the width of the light curves of low-redshift SNe Ia is positively correlated with peak luminosity (Phillips 1993).…”

Section: Redshift and Time Dilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tired light (TL) hypothesis had to face a fatal argument only more recently, when it was discovered that the light curves of distant supernovae of type Ia were stretched in proportion to the redshift factor 1+z (Leibundgut et al 1996, Goldhaber, et al 1997, Riess 1997, Filippenko & Riess 1997, Perlmutter 1998, Foley et al 2005, Blondin et al 2008. Theories in which periods of light are lost to the extent to which the remaining ones expand do not predict this time dilation effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From magnitudes and redshifts of supernovae, their light-curves, and angular sizes of galaxies to a tenable cosmology

Traunmüller

2014

Astrophys Space Sci

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Early physical cosmologies were based on interpretations of the cosmic redshift for which there was insufficient evidence and on theories of gravitation that appear to be falsified by galactic dynamics. Eventually, the big bang paradigm came to be guarded against refutation by ad hoc hypotheses (dark matter, cosmic inflation, dark energy) and free parameters. Presently available data allow a more satisfactory phenomenological approach. Using data on magnitude and redshift from 892 type Ia supernovae, it is first shown that these suggest that the redshift factor (1 + z) is simply an exponential function of distance and that, for "standard candles", magnitude m = 5 log[(1 + z) ln(1 + z)] + const. While these functions are incompatible with a big bang, they characterize certain tired light models as well as exponential expansion models. However, the former are falsified by the stretched light curves of distant supernovae and the latter by the absence of a predicted 1+z increase in the angular sizes of galaxies. Instead, the observations suggest that physical processes speed up and objects contract uniformly as an exponential function of time, standards of measurement not excluded, and only free waves being excepted. Distant events proceed, then, more slowly, while angular sizes remain unaffected, approximately as observed. Since all objects contract in proportion, the Universe retains a static appearance. A corresponding physical theory, which should also explain galactic dynamics, remains yet to be derived from first principles. A way to do this, satisfying also Mach"s principle, is vaguely suggested.

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Section: Redshift and Time Dilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From magnitudes and redshifts of supernovae, their light-curves, and angular sizes of galaxies to a tenable cosmology

Traunmüller

2014

Astrophys Space Sci

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“…Firstly, observations of high-redshift supernovae suggest that the universe may possess a small, positive cosmological constant [1]. Theoretically, there has been much interest in the adS/CFT (conformal field theory) cor-respondence (see [2] for a review) and its more recent relative the dS/CFT correspondence (see, for example, [3]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Winstanley

2003

Foundations of Physics

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“…Both teams observed highredshift, or incredibly distant, Type Ia supernovae, and obtained the same surprising results: these high-redshift Type Ia supernovae were much fainter than expected when assuming that the Universe has a constant expansion history. The explanation provided by both teams for this result was that the Universe's expansion was not constant but accelerating [41,42]. Though the acceleration's cause was not understood, astronomers named the cause dark energy.…”

Section: B Astronomy Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating undergraduate students’ ideas about the fate of the Universe

Conlon

Coble

Bailey

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res.

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As astronomers further develop an understanding of the fate of the Universe, it is essential to study students' ideas on the fate of the Universe so that instructors can communicate the field's current status more effectively. In this study, we examine undergraduate students' preinstruction ideas of the fate of the Universe in ten semester-long introductory astronomy course sections (ASTRO 101) at three institutions. We also examine students' postinstruction ideas about the fate of the Universe in ASTRO 101 over five semester-long course sections at one institution. The data include precourse surveys given during the first week of instruction (N ¼ 264), postinstruction exam questions (N ¼ 59), and interviews. We find that, preinstruction, more than a quarter of ASTRO 101 students either do not respond or respond with "I don't know" when asked what the long-term fate of the Universe is. We also find that, though the term was not necessarily used, students tend to describe a "big chill" scenario in the preinstruction surveys, among a wide variety of other scenarios. A fraction of students describe the fate of smaller-scale systems, possibly due to confusion of the hierarchical nature of structure in the Universe. Preinstruction, students mention the Universe's expansion when describing how astronomers know the fate of the Universe but do not discuss how we know the Universe is expanding or the relationship between expansion and the fate of the Universe. Postinstruction, students' responses shift toward greater degrees of completeness and correctness.

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Erratum: Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the Universe

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

From magnitudes and redshifts of supernovae, their light-curves, and angular sizes of galaxies to a tenable cosmology

From magnitudes and redshifts of supernovae, their light-curves, and angular sizes of galaxies to a tenable cosmology

Untitled

Investigating undergraduate students’ ideas about the fate of the Universe

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