Erratum: Corrigendum: An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma

Abstract

In this Letter, the 'Data availability' section in the Methods should state 'WES and RNA-seq data are deposited in dbGaP (https://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs001451.v1.p1). All other data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.' instead of 'All data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request'. In addition, the 'Competing interests' statement should include: 'C.J.W. is subject to a conflict of interest management plan for the reported studies because of her competing financial interests in Neon Therapeutics. Under this plan, C.J.W. may not access identifiable human subjects' data nor otherwise participate directly in the IRBapproved protocol reported herein. C.J.W. 's contributions to the overall program strategy and data analyses occurred on a de-identified basis. ' These errors have been corrected in the online versions of the Letter.

Trial watch: Immunogenic cell death induction by anticancer chemotherapeutics

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Based on the available data, it is clear that ICD can facilitate T cell responses against a wide-spectrum of differentiation, over-expressed, and mutated tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). [1][2][3][4][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, the predominance of a fraction of TAA-specific T cells in driving ICD-based immunity might be regulated by: (1) the spatiotemporal expression patterns of specific TAAs within a tumor, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] (2) the overall coverage of various TAAs by central or peripheral tolerance, [21][22][23] (3) the overall avidity of the T cell receptor (TCR) for specific TAA, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and (4) the general cellular and metabolic health of effector or memory T cell fractions. [33][34][35][36][37][38] Operationally, two experimental procedures have been established over the years to identify bona fide ICD inducers in vivo.…”

“…C memory T cells due to peripheral tolerance; 21,23,144,[147][148][149] and (4) an intrinsically elevated resistance of cancer cells to lysis by immune effectors. 136,147,150,151 Additional details about ICD-associated signaling pathways and resistance mechanisms can be found in various publications from us and others.…”

The Prediction and Function of Neoantigen in Oncobiology

“…To maximize antitumor functions, a combination with checkpoint inhibitor, such as anti-PD1 antibody, may be necessary. Actually, based on the clinical data available till now, neoantigen vaccine plus checkpoint inhibitor antibody combination therapy strategy may be the most promising one [35,36].…”

“…Results showed that vaccine induced polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells targeted 60% and 16% of the neoantigens used in all patients. Of 6 treated patients, 4 had no recurrence after vaccination for 2 years, while 2 patients with recurrent disease were treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (pembrolizumab) and experienced complete tumour regression [35]. Another study used nearly the same strategy to predict neoantigens, they used RNA minigenes as neoantigen vaccine and injected percutaneously into inguinal lymph nodes.…”

Immunotherapy of cancer is a part of biotherapy

“…Surely enough, thanks to the cutting edge technologies of prediction and identification of target epitopes for peptide design, very impressive clinical results was recently obtained by two groups, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA and Biopharmaceutical New Technologies corporation/medical Center of Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany, using personalized neoantigen [45] and RNA mutanome [46] vaccines respectively, for patients with melanoma. A few months after vaccination, some of these patients achieving partial responses found to have recurrent disease were treated with anti-PD1 therapy, and encouragingly experienced complete tumor regression [45] . The personalized vaccine therapies in both studies could induce de novo T-cell clones that reacted with multiple individual-specific neoantigens or mutated gene products, and recognized endogenously processed antigens, and hence autologous tumor cells.…”