Eremitis linearifolia and E. robusta (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae): two new species of herbaceous bamboos from Brazil first collected over 30 years ago

Abstract

Two new species of the herbaceous bamboos genus Eremitis are described and illustrated under the names Eremitis linearifolia and E. robusta. They occur in small populations in the Atlantic Rain Forest vegetation, from the states of Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil, respectively. Both species are known from only two sites. Both new species were first collected in the early 1980s. We discuss the morphological characters distinguishing these new species from their close relatives, and provide an identification key to all described species of Eremitis.

Eremitis clarkiae and E. vinacea (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): two new species of herbaceous bamboos endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil increase the diversity of the genus in this hotspot

“…During our systematic studies on Eremitis, two new species from Bahia, Brazil were detected and are described herein, increasing the number of species described in this genus to 16 (Ferreira et al 2013a(Ferreira et al , 2016(Ferreira et al , 2019(Ferreira et al , 2020a(Ferreira et al , 2020b(Ferreira et al , 2020c(Ferreira et al , 2020d(Ferreira et al , 2021. In addition, these new species increase the number of bamboo species in the state of Bahia to 92 species (Flora do Brasil 2020).…”

“…Among the herbaceous bamboos, a lineage strongly supported by molecular phylogenetic analyses (Ferreira et al 2019) occurring in Bahia is represented by the subtribe Parianinae, which includes three genera: Eremitis Döll with 14 described species, all of them endemic to the Atlantic Forest (five endemic to the BCF subregion) (Ferreira et al 2013a(Ferreira et al , 2016(Ferreira et al , 2019(Ferreira et al , 2020a(Ferreira et al , 2020b(Ferreira et al , 2020c(Ferreira et al , 2020d(Ferreira et al , 2021; Parianella Hollowell, F.M.Ferreira & R.P.Oliveira with two species, both endemic to the BCF subregion (Ferreira et al 2013b); and Pariana Aubl. with 27 species restricted to southern Central America and northern South America, especially in the Amazon region (Ferreira et al 2013b(Ferreira et al , 2019.…”

“…Staminate spikelet: pedicel length (mm) 1.8-2.7 0.9-1.2 2A), ligules (1.8-2.5 mm long vs 0.8-1.5 mm in E. jardimii and 1-1.5 mm in E. robusta), decumbent culm inflorescences (6-8 cm long vs 5.5-6 cm in E. jardimii and 6-6.5 cm in E. robusta) (figs 1D, 2D), and pedicels of the staminate spikelets of the staminate whorls [1.8-2.7 mm long vs 0.9-1.2 mm in E. jardimii and (1-)1.2-1.5 mm in E. robusta] (Ferreira et al 2020c(Ferreira et al , 2016. In addition, the new species have decumbent culms with five leaves (vs 3-4 leaves in E. jardimii and three in E. robusta) (Ferreira et al 2020c(Ferreira et al , 2016 (see table 1). 18-31 cm long; leaves 3-4, reduced to the sheaths; leaf sheaths not inflated, glabrous to slightly scabrous, green, apex purple, margins ciliate.…”

“…Eremitis is a very singular genus that was poorly known until some years ago, and whose diversity has been increasing every year with the description of new species, especially from Bahia (Ferreira et al 2016(Ferreira et al , 2020b(Ferreira et al , 2020c(Ferreira et al , 2020d(Ferreira et al , 2021. It is characterized by five morphological synapomorphies: truly underground culms, sympodial inflorescences on leafy culms, gynecandrous and staminate spikelet whorls in the same inflorescence, staminate spikelet pedicels elongated and laminar only in the terminal whorl, and pubescent styles (Ferreira et al 2019).…”

Endemic angiosperms in Bahia Coastal Forests, Brazil: an update using a newly delimited area

“…For instance, about 41.5% of all new angiosperms in the Brazilian flora described between 1990 and 2006 are endemic to the Atlantic Forest (Sobral & Stehmann 2009). Moreover, 23 species of angiosperms endemic to BCF were described between 2015 and 2017 (e.g., Araújo et al 2015, Santos et al 2015, Abreu & Giulietti 2016, Côrtes et al 2016, Ferreira et al 2016, Marinho & Lucas 2016, Popovkin et al 2016, Ribeiro et al 2016, Terra-Araujo et al 2016, Daly & Melo 2017, Gonçalez et al 2017.…”