Erase–Maintain–Establish: Natural Reprogramming of the Mammalian Epigenome

Leseva, Milena; Knowles, Barbara B.; Messerschmidt, Daniel M.; Solter, Davor

doi:10.1101/sqb.2015.80.027441

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Heterochromatin and 'parent-of-origin' effects in the early embryo (Hanna and Kelsey 2014;Messerschmidt et al 2014;Leseva et al 2015), the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of imprinted genes (Barlow and Bartolomei 2014) and the mechanisms whereby epigenetic modifications in primordial germ cells (PGCs) are erased (Hackett and Surani 2013;Reik and Surani 2015). Together, they provide some background for the synthesis presented here.…”

Section: Heterochromatin-like Complexes and Autosomal Imprinting In Micementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Methylation of the~25 gDMRs of imprinted genes is maintained through the demethylation phase by the scant DNMT1 still remaining in the nuclei of early embryos (Hirasawa et al 2008;Kurihara et al 2008). They are also protected from the activity of demethylating Tet dioxygenases (Messerschmidt et al 2014;Leseva et al 2015). It is the mechanism(s) that preserves methylation at imprinted gDMRs in the zygote and preimplantation embryo, at a time when much of the remainder of the genome is being demethylated, that lies at the heart of the imprinting process.…”

Section: Heterochromatin-like Complexes and Autosomal Imprinting In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterochromatin and the molecular mechanisms of ‘parent-of-origin’ effects in animals

Singh

2016

J Biosci

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Twenty five years ago it was proposed that conserved components of constitutive heterochromatin assemble heterochromatinlike complexes in euchromatin and this could provide a general mechanism for regulating heritable (cell-to-cell) changes in gene expressibility. As a special case, differences in the assembly of heterochromatin-like complexes on homologous chromosomes might also regulate the parent-of-origin-dependent gene expression observed in placental mammals. Here, the progress made in the intervening period with emphasis on the role of heterochromatin and heterochromatin-like complexes in parent-of-origin effects in animals is reviewed.[Singh PB 2016 Heterochromatin and the molecular mechanisms of 'parent-of-origin' effects in animals. J. Biosci.] http://www.ias.ac.in/jbiosci J. Biosci. * Indian Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1007/s12038-016-9650-9Keywords. Epigenetics; genomic imprinting; heterochromatin; HP1; KRAB-ZFP Abbreviations used: 5hmC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; 5mC, 5-methylcytosine; ADD, ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L domain; ATRX, Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X-Linked; CAF-1, chromatin assembly factor 1; CD, chromodomain; CE, controlling element; CF, chromocenter formation; CGIs, CpG islands; CSD, chromo shadow domain; DamID, DNA adenine methyltransferase identification; DAXX, Death Domain associated protein; DNMT1, maintenance DNA methyltransferase 1; DNMT3A, de novo DNA methyltransferase 3A; DNMT3B, de novo DNA methyltransferase 3B; DNMT3L, DNA methyltransferase 3L; ES, embryonic stem; G9a, K9H3 HMTase; GLP, G9a-like protein K9H3 HMTase; gDMRs, germline differentially methylated regions; H3K9me2, di-methylated lysine 9 on histone H3; H3K9me3, tri-methylated lysine 9 on histone H3; H3S10P, phosphorylation of serine 10 on histone H3; H4K20me3, tri-methylated lysine 20 on histone

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Section: Heterochromatin-like Complexes and Autosomal Imprinting In Micementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Heterochromatin-like Complexes and Autosomal Imprinting In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Heterochromatin and the molecular mechanisms of ‘parent-of-origin’ effects in animals

Singh

2016

J Biosci

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“…DNA methylation and acetylation, as well as histone acetylation, influencing the activity of many genes. These are important for the transition from embryonic to fetal stage (37), from youth to old age, from normal tissue to cancerous tissue (38). From this point of view, DNA methylation may be important link between ageing, genome instability and cancerogenesis (39).…”

Section: Mutations and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing as an Important Risk Factor for Cancer

et al. 2016

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“…( 2015 ) and Leseva et al. ( 2016 ). Following sex determination, epigenetic programing via DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs redirect and drive differentiation of the PGCs along the distinct spermatozoal or oocyte lineage.…”

Section: Role Of Epigenetics In the Mammalian Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 95%

Environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity: potential public health concerns

Marczylo¹,

Jacobs²,

Gant³

2016

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Throughout our lives, epigenetic processes shape our development and enable us to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Identifying and understanding environmentally induced epigenetic change(s) that may lead to adverse outcomes is vital for protecting public health. This review, therefore, examines the present understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the mammalian life cycle, evaluates the current evidence for environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in human cohorts and rodent models and highlights the research considerations and implications of this emerging knowledge for public health and regulatory toxicology. Many hundreds of studies have investigated such toxicity, yet relatively few have demonstrated a mechanistic association among specific environmental exposures, epigenetic changes and adverse health outcomes in human epidemiological cohorts and/or rodent models. While this small body of evidence is largely composed of exploratory in vivo high-dose range studies, it does set a precedent for the existence of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity. Consequently, there is worldwide recognition of this phenomenon, and discussion on how to both guide further scientific research towards a greater mechanistic understanding of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in humans, and translate relevant research outcomes into appropriate regulatory policies for effective public health protection.

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Erase–Maintain–Establish: Natural Reprogramming of the Mammalian Epigenome

Cited by 21 publications

References 76 publications

Heterochromatin and the molecular mechanisms of ‘parent-of-origin’ effects in animals

Heterochromatin and the molecular mechanisms of ‘parent-of-origin’ effects in animals

Ageing as an Important Risk Factor for Cancer

Environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity: potential public health concerns

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