Er3+/Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride borosilicate glass ceramic containing NaYF4 nanocrystals for amorphous silicon solar cells

Transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics

“…1200 o C for germinate or borate glasses. Preparation of glass ceramics from of aluminosilicate [35-A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 6 40], silicate [41], silicoborate [42][43][44], lead-silicate [45][46][47], quartz [48][49][50][51][52][53], lead-germanate [54][55][56], tellurate-germanate [57], zinc-tellurate [58], lithiumborate, potassium-borate, barium-borate [59,60], tungsten-lead-phosphate [61] and others glasses with high metal fluoride content is thoroughly described in the literature (see Table 1). …”

“…Up-conversion luminescence of Er-doped glass ceramics containing NaGdF 4 nanocrystals for silicon solar cells was studied in [44,203]. Using excitation by 1530 nm diode laser, Xin et al [203] observed emission lines at 527, 540 and 653 nm.…”

“…Thus, Sontakke and Annapurna [172] studied energy transfer kinetics for combinations of different donor-acceptor ions (e.g., Nd 3+ /Yb 3+ ; Yb 3+ /Dy 3+ ; Nd 3+ /Dy 3+ ) in cubic NaYF 4 nanoparticles; Lin et al [150] and Yu et al [95] studied Tm 3+ ions up-and down-conversion luminescence; and Wang and Ohwaki [19] were the first ones who achieved an up-conversion luminescence for Yb 3+ /Er 3+ ionic pair in fluoride glass ceramics (Pb 1-x Cd x F 2 -based nanoparticles) with energy transformation from the nearinfrared to the visible part of the spectrum. Later, the same activator couple was used in nanoparticles of different chemical compositions, such as PbF 2 [53,115,193], "Pb 4 Yb 3 F 17 " [23], CaF 2 [74,86,89,330], Ca 1-x La x F 2+x [68], SrF 2 [142], BaF 2 [230], "Ba 2 GdF 7 " [42,200], NaYF 4 [44], YOF [204], β-NaCaAlF 6 [96] and other [58] surrounded by oxide glass matrixes. The up-conversion luminescence for Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ ion pair in oxifluoride glass ceramics has been studied for PbF 2 [117,222], SrF 2 [138], "Ba 2 GdF 7 " [199], β-YF 3 [190] nanocrystals.…”

Upconversion luminescence in erbium doped transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing hexagonal NaYF4 nanocrystals

“…Since then OxFGC with RE doped ␣-NaYF 4 has been extensively studied. Particularly, the structure and morphology of Er 3+ [26], [27] and Nd 3+ [28] doped ␣-NaYF 4 nanostructured glass ceramic has been reported. Intense UCL has been reported in analogous OxFGC system doped with Yb 3+ , Er 3+ [29], [30], Yb 3+ , Ho 3+ [31] but no results on the preparation of a transparent OxFGC containing hexagonal NaYF 4 by controlled crystallization of melt-quenched glass have been published [32].…”

Nanocrystal Formation in Glasses Controlled by Rare Earth Ions

“…Changes in the local environment lead to the decrease in multiphonon relaxation and to an increase in the lifetimes of certain energy levels. Through the formation of nanocrystals, efficient visible up‐conversion and down‐conversion emission have been realized from oxyfluoride glass–ceramics doped with various RE ions . The reasons for the unexpected optical properties are assumed to be the preferential distribution of RE ions inside the fluoride nanocrystals in the glass–ceramics based on the reported X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and energy‐dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analysis .…”