Er Shen Wan extract reduces diarrhea and regulates AQP 4 and NHE 3 in a rat model of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency–induced diarrhea

Xiong, Rui; Li, Wenbing; Li, Yidan; Zheng, Kaixuan; Zhang, Tingting; Gao, Mingyang; Li, Yun; Hu, Lin; Hu, C.

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.023

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Diarrhea is also a major health threat to the world's population, both in subtropical and tropical developing countries (Hu Rui, 2012;Schiller, 2018). As diarrhea is a public health problem with potentially deadly effects, the WHO teamed up with other international organizations to launch a diarrheal disease control program with an emphasis on the use of traditional drug treatments to tackle the condition on a global scale (Xiong et al, 2018). Herbs and formulas in TCM can serve as drug discovery resources and valuable therapeutic strategies (Xu et al, 2015;Lv et al, 2017); however, according to the Chinese medicine theory, different types of diarrhea require different TCM formulas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herbs and formulas in TCM can serve as drug discovery resources and valuable therapeutic strategies (Xu et al, 2015;Lv et al, 2017); however, according to the Chinese medicine theory, different types of diarrhea require different TCM formulas. Diarrhea can be divided into different forms such as dampness-heat, dampness-cold, spleen yang deficiency syndrome (Xiong et al, 2018) etc. DHD is one of the most common forms of diarrhea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsatilla Decoction Can Treat the Dampness-Heat Diarrhea Rat Model by Regulating Glycerinphospholipid Metabolism Based Lipidomics Approach

Hua

Ma²,

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diarrhea is a major medical problem in clinical practice. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), different types of diarrhea should be treated with different TCM formulations based on the targeted medical condition. Dampness-heat diarrhea (DHD) is a serious diarrheal disease and Pulsatilla decoction (PD), a TCM, has been found effective against DHD. Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of action of PD in DHD using an untargeted lipidomics strategy. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were randomized to four groups, including the control group, model group, PD groups and self-healing group. The PD groups were given a daily intragastric gavage of PD at doses of 3.76 g/kg. The rat model of DHD established by such complex factors as high-sugar and high-fat diet, improper diet, high temperature and humidity environment, drinking and intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli., which imitated the inducing conditions of DHD. Then the clinical symptoms and signs, blood routine, serum inflammatory cytokines levels and the histopathological changes of main organs were detected and observed to evaluate DHD model and therapeutic effect of PD. Lipid biomarkers of DHD were selected by comparing the control and model groups with the colon lipidomics technology and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with Q Exactive plus mass analyzer. Multivariate statistical analysis and pattern recognition were employed to examine different lipids within the colon of PD-treated rats. Results: The clinical symptoms and signs of the model rats were consistent with the diagnostic criteria of DHD. After treatment with PD, the clinical symptoms and signs of the rats with DHD were improved; the indexes of blood routine and inflammatory cytokines levels tended to be normal. The lipidomics profile of the model group were

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsatilla Decoction Can Treat the Dampness-Heat Diarrhea Rat Model by Regulating Glycerinphospholipid Metabolism Based Lipidomics Approach

Hua

Ma²,

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…A total of 6 DHD calves and 6 healthy calves were enrolled in this study. The standards of dampness-heat diarrhea in the literature are mostly determined by primary and secondary symptoms ( 9 , 10 , 13 ). The inclusion criteria for DHD cases were required two main symptoms and secondary symptoms, or three main symptoms ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of diarrhea require different prescriptions based on the theory of TCM. According to the clinical symptoms, diarrhea can be divided into dampnessheat diarrhea (DHD), spleen deficiency diarrhea, and kidney deficiency diarrhea (9)(10)(11). DHD is one of the most common syndromes in Chinese cattle herds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated 16S rDNA Gene Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Analyses to Investigate the Gut Microbial Composition and Plasma Metabolic Phenotype in Calves With Dampness-Heat Diarrhea

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Dampness-heat diarrhea (DHD), a common syndrome in Chinese dairy farms, is mainly resulted from digestive system disorders, and accompanied with metabolic disorders in some cases. However, the underlying mechanisms in the intestinal microbiome and plasma metabolome in calves with DHD remain unclear. In order to investigate the pathogenesis of DHD in calves, multi-omics techniques including the 16S rDNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were used to analyze gut microbial compositions and plasma metabolic changes in calves. The results indicated that DHD had a significant effect on the intestinal microbial compositions in calves, which was confirmed by changes in microbial population and distribution. A total of 14 genera were changed, including Escherichia-Shigella, Bacteroides, and Fournierella, in calves with DHD (P < 0.05). Functional analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotations indicated that 11 metabolic functions (level 2) were significantly enriched in DHD cases. The untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 440 metabolites including bilineurin, phosphatidylcholine, and glutamate were significantly different between two groups (VIP > 1 and P < 0.05), and they were related to 67 signal pathways. Eight signal pathways including alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly enriched (P < 0.05), which may be potential biomarkers of plasma in calves with DHD. Further, 107 pairs of intestinal microbiota-plasma metabolite correlations were determined, e.g., Escherichia-Shigella was significantly associated with changes of sulfamethazine, butyrylcarnitine, and 14 other metabolites, which reflected that metabolic activity was influenced by the microbiome. These microbiota-metabolite pairs might have a relationship with DHD in calves. In conclusion, the findings revealed that DHD had effect on intestinal microbial compositions and plasma metabolome in calves, and the altered metabolic pathways and microorganisms might serve as diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for DHD in calves.

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“…According to the method reported in the study, 16,21 The rats were housed in an SPF environment under a light/ dark time of 12 h/12 h. The normal group was fed a common diet (23% flour, 20% bran, 22% soybean meal, 20% corn, 10% rice meal, 2.5% bone meal, and 2.5% fish meal) and housed in the environment under an ambient temperature of 25 ± 1°C with a relative humidity of 40%-50%; the model group was fed a high-fat and high-sugar diet (83.25% common diet, 1.5% cholesterol, 0.25% sodium cholate, 10% lard, and 5% sucrose) for 12 weeks. For the AS rats with damp-heat syndrome, the AS rats were housed in the environment under an ambient temperature of 32 ± 1°C, at a relative humidity of 65-70% according to previous studies.…”

Section: Animal Models and Drug Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Berberine Attenuates Arterial Plaque Formation in Atherosclerotic Rats with Damp-Heat Syndrome via Regulating Autophagy</p>

Xiao

Huang

Li³

et al. 2020

DDDT

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Berberine (BBR) is an effective component of Huanglian and has shown to attenuate atherosclerosis (AS); however, the detailed mechanism of BBR-mediated protective actions against AS remains elusive. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of BBR on aortic atherosclerotic plaque stability and the expression of autophagy-related proteins in AS rats with damp-heat syndrome or yang deficiency. Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into (1) control (CON); (2) damp-heat syndrome atherosclerosis (AS + DH); (3) yang deficiency syndrome atherosclerosis (AS + YX); (4) dampheat syndrome atherosclerosis + BBR (AS + DH + BBR); (5) yang deficiency syndrome, atherosclerosis + BBR (AS + YX + BBR); and (6) damp-heat syndrome, atherosclerosis + BBR + 3-methyladenine (AS + DH + BBR + 3-MA) (n = 5/group) groups. Pathological morphology, macrophage plaque infiltration, inflammation, and LC3-II and P62 expression were assessed. Results: Compared with the CON group, the AS + DH and AS + YX groups had an increased plaque area in the aortic tissue with substantial foam cell and macrophage infiltration, and increased levels of IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.01). After four weeks of BBR intervention, the plaque area in the AS + DH + BBR group was reduced with decreased foam cells and macrophage infiltration, and decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, whereas LC3-II protein expression was increased and P62 protein expression was decreased in the AS + DH + BBR group when compared to AS + DH group. In addition, the AS + DH + BBR + 3-MA group exhibited a significantly enlarged plaque, substantial foam cell and macrophage infiltration, increased levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, and decreased LC3-II and P62 (P < 0.01) expression when compared to the AS + DH + BBR group. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the BBR could inhibit arterial plaque formation and alleviate the inflammatory response in the aortic tissues in the AS rats with damp-heat syndrome possibly via promoting autophagy. The molecular mechanisms of BBR-mediated protective effects in this animal model still require further investigation.

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Er Shen Wan extract reduces diarrhea and regulates AQP 4 and NHE 3 in a rat model of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency–induced diarrhea

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Pulsatilla Decoction Can Treat the Dampness-Heat Diarrhea Rat Model by Regulating Glycerinphospholipid Metabolism Based Lipidomics Approach

Pulsatilla Decoction Can Treat the Dampness-Heat Diarrhea Rat Model by Regulating Glycerinphospholipid Metabolism Based Lipidomics Approach

Integrated 16S rDNA Gene Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Analyses to Investigate the Gut Microbial Composition and Plasma Metabolic Phenotype in Calves With Dampness-Heat Diarrhea

<p>Berberine Attenuates Arterial Plaque Formation in Atherosclerotic Rats with Damp-Heat Syndrome via Regulating Autophagy</p>

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