Equilibrium and kinetics study on the adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid from aqueous solution onto powdered activated carbon

Adsorption of ionizable organic contaminants on multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different oxygen contents

“…According to our results, the adsorption capacity (K F ) of PFOA, PFOS and 2,4-D on purified MWNTs is higher than the adsorption on activated carbons (AC), resin, zeolite and sludge [23,24,41,45]. Rapid adsorption equilibrium of 4-NP on MWNTs than on terrestrial soils was also reported [27].…”

Adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) onto anion exchange resin, non-ion exchange resin, and granular-activated carbon by batch and column

“…However, these techniques have certain limitations because they require high energy and/or are interfered by other compounds in wastewater [14]. The adsorption process is an economical and effective technique for removing pollutants from water and wastewater [15]. Conventional adsorbents, such as activated carbons, are utilized by some PFOA manufacturers to remove PFOA from wastewater.…”

“…Conventional adsorbents, such as activated carbons, are utilized by some PFOA manufacturers to remove PFOA from wastewater. Because the adsorption capacities of activated carbon are minimal [14,15], PFOA has been discharged from treatment systems to water environments. Therefore, further examination of highly effective materials for the adsorption of PFOA is required.…”

Promoted degradation of perfluorooctanic acid by persulfate when adding activated carbon

“…7 Elevated temperature can effectively enhance the PFOA removal and accelerates to reach a steady-state condition within a shorter reaction time For example, 820% of PFOA species were removed with a defluorination efficiency of 693% at 45 • C after 4 h. There was only slight increases in the removal and defluorination efficiencies after 12 h at 878 and 792%, respectively Basically, PFOA adsorption onto AC is an endothermic reaction and elevated temperatures accelerates the adsorption process [33]. These results correspond well to the finding that PFOA sorption onto AC increased with temperature, especially having a high initial adsorption rate at 45 • C (Fig S7 and Tab S1).…”