Epstein–Barr Virus-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer in a Pediatric Patient—Case Report

Abstract

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcer is a rare entity in the spectrum of lymphoproliferative diseases associated with the EBV. It occurs typically in patients with immunosuppression associated with immunosenescence, as well as due to iatrogenic causes, posttransplant patients and primary immunodeficiency disorders. It is often a benign and self-limited disease that recedes by stopping or reducing the immunosuppressive agents in most of the cases. Histologically, it is characterized by a population of EBV-positive atypical lymphoid cells. Here, we present a rare case of a 5-month-old pediatric patient, born preterm at 24 weeks of gestational age, presenting a lump on the right shoulder, later evolving to EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer.

Pediatric EBV Positive Mucocutaneous Ulceration in Stomach a Rare Entity

“…The youngest case with EBVMCU is a patient with 5-month skin involvement in the literature. 9 Still, in another study report, a 16-year-old male patient was diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome (coloboma, heart defect, atresia of the nasal choanae, retardation of growth, genital and ear abnormalities, and deafness) and EBVMCU with nasopharyngeal mucosal involvement. 10 In line with our knowledge, our patient is important because it is the first case of EBVMCU in the stomach in children.…”

“…Although it is quite rare in the stomach, it was first shown by EBVMCU Gabsi et al8 in a 62-year-old male in the stomach, and to our knowledge, no other case of gastric involvement was reported. The youngest case with EBVMCU is a patient with 5-month skin involvement in the literature 9. Still, in another study report, a 16-year-old male patient was diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome (coloboma, heart defect, atresia of the nasal choanae, retardation of growth, genital and ear abnormalities, and deafness) and EBVMCU with nasopharyngeal mucosal involvement 10.…”

“…Rarely, progression and relapse were observed. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, some studies have shown that 36% of patients diagnosed with EBVMCU are administered aggressive treatment, although it is a self-limiting diagnosis and that Rituximab or drugs can increase immunologic control EBV are used in these treatments. There are also cases where chemotherapy protocols are applied.…”

“…However, the median duration is 4 weeks with only drug dose reduction. Rarely, progression and relapse were observed 7–13. However, some studies have shown that 36% of patients diagnosed with EBVMCU are administered aggressive treatment, although it is a self-limiting diagnosis and that Rituximab or drugs can increase immunologic control EBV are used in these treatments.…”