Epstein–Barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis peptides are cross recognized by anti-myelin basic protein antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients

Gender influence in EBV antibody response in multiple sclerosis patients from Kuwait

“…More specifically, this alteration is determined by the type of EBV antigen and sex. Anti-EBNA1 had a stronger association with MS incidence which could be explained by the antigenic similarities between EBNA1 and myelin (Lunemann et al, 2008;Mameli et al, 2014). It is possible that EBNA1 would incite an amplified immune response to the one already in progress under the influence of MS neuro-inflammation.…”

Characterisation of the nucleic acid binding features of the PRRSV 7ap and its ability to induce antinuclear antibodies

“…It is shown that several positively charged viral and bacterial peptides and proteins (Quaratino et al, 1995;Wucherpfennig and Strominger, 1995;Hausmann et al, 1999) can mimic sequentially unrelated positively charged autoantigens of human proteins (e.g. myelin basic protein, proteins of ribonucleoprotein complex Ro/La, C1q) (Routsias and Tzioufas, 2010;Stoyanova et al, 2012;Mameli et al, 2014), and can activate autoreactive T and B cell responses (Vaughan et al, 1995;Wucherpfennig and Strominger, 1995;Sospedra et al, 2005). However, sometimes, just like in the case of nuclear antigens and Hu7ap, cross-reactivity between autoantigens and the inducer of the autoantibodies cannot be detected (Vaughan et al, 1995).…”

Molecular mimicry between Mycobacterium leprae proteins (50S ribosomal protein L2 and Lysyl-tRNA synthetase) and myelin basic protein: a possible mechanism of nerve damage in leprosy

“…However, our findings suggest that anti-MBP antibodies are associated with extent of nerve involvement in leprosy patients. Recently, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis peptides have been shown to be recognized by anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients [25]. In MS, Ponomarenko et al (2006) [6] provided a mechanistic explanation of anti-MBP antibodies in pathological destruction of myelin sheath.…”