Epithelial differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells

Stem cells from adipose tissue

“…ASCs possess the capacity to differentiate and display a myogenic phenotype in vitro [7,59]. The main factors activating the expression of genes relevant to myogenesis in vitro (heavy chain of myosin, myogenic determination factor 1 -MyoD1) are dexamethasone and hydrocortisone in the medium.…”

“…The expression of the early cytokeratin in combination with a decreased vimentin expression is considered the first step toward epithelial differentiation. Long et al showed that under optimized conditions, ASCs express epithelial marker proteins and complete their epithelialization after implantation [59,74]. The transplantation of hepatocytes might become easier, more efficient and safer than whole organ transplantation in treating patients suffering from final-stage liver dysfunction.…”

“…Human ASCs in vitro [19] Human ASCs in athymic nude rats [39] Chondrogenic differentiation Human ASCs in vitro [56,57,91,92] Human ASCs in SCID mice [54] Osteogenic differentiation Human ASCs in vitro [93][94][95][96] Human ASCs in nude mice [97] Human ASCs in SCID mice [19,98] Human ASCs in athymic mice [45] Human ASCs in rats [75] Rat ASCs in SD rats [40] Myogenic differantiation Human ASCs in vitro [60,[99][100][101] Human ASCs in mdx mice [102] Human ASCs in nude mice [34] Cardiomyogenic differentiation Human ASCs in vitro [103,104] Rat ASCs in rats [105] Neuronal differentiation Human ASCs in vitro [43,106] Canine ASCs in dogs with spinal cord injuries [107] Rat ASCs in rats [70] Osteogenic constructs with intrinsic vascularization Human ASCs in nude mice [66,69] Epithelial differentiation Human ASCS in vitro [59,74] Kidney differentiation Human ASCs in C57BL/6 mice [108] Pancreatic differentiation Human ASCs in vitro [72,73] Hepatocyte differentiation Human ASCs in Pfp/Rag2 knockout mice [77] Human ASCs in Ccl4 mice [76] Periodontal tissue regeneration Rat ASCs in rats [109] The proposed uses for ASCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are collected in Tab. 1.…”

Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells

“…54 Other groups have reported cardiomyocyte and skeletal myocyte differentiation as well as tendon like cells and epithelial like cells. [55][56][57][58] Those are the only lineages I have seen; I have not seen anybody who has consistently shown that the ASC is capable of giving rise to hematopoietic cells. However, the only thing that I think could be consistent with what you are saying is that there is evidence from the adipose biology literature that there are many genes expressed in macrophages that are also expressed in adipocytes.…”

Epithelial differentiation of adipose‐derived stem cells for laryngeal tissue engineering

“…Cross-lineage pluripotentiality has been less extensively defined for ASC, although epithelial and neural progenitor cells have been reported. 8,9 Unlike embryonic stem cells that can produce complex geometric structures of dual lineages, 10 adult-derived stem cells, such as ASC or BM-MSC, have not been reported to exhibit organized dual lineage differentiation. We hypothesized that ASCs require an air interface and specific growth factor signals for epithelial differentiation, and that cells away from the air interface default to a fibroblastic phenotype.…”