Epigenetic modification for horticultural plant improvement comes of age

Chachar, Sadaruddin; Chachar, Muzafaruddin; Riaz, Adeel; Shaikh, Aamir Ali; Li, Xiulan; Li, Xiaoxue; Guan, Changfei; Zhang, Pingxian

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110633

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…DM is essential for regulating gene expression and ensuring plant genome stability. Adding a methyl group to the cytosine residue of DNA creates 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) [ 4 , 39 ]. This 5 mC is involved in various biological processes ( Figure 2 ), such as genome stability, transcriptional inactivity, developmental regulation, and response to environmental stress [ 36 , 44 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Plant Epigenetic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These modifications extend beyond the realm of genetically encoded factors, adding an extra layer of regulation [ 1 , 2 ]. In the plant kingdom, epigenetic inheritance takes two forms: transferring information not encoded in DNA between generations and preserving epigenetic modifications within an individual reset between generations [ 3 , 4 ]. Comprehending the intricacies and operations that differentiate the two forms of epigenetic inheritance holds great significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Plant Epigenetic Regulation in Response to Plant Stress: Recent Discoveries and Implications

Abdulraheem,

Xiong,

Moshood

et al. 2024

Plants

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Plant stress is a significant challenge that affects the development, growth, and productivity of plants and causes an adverse environmental condition that disrupts normal physiological processes and hampers plant survival. Epigenetic regulation is a crucial mechanism for plants to respond and adapt to stress. Several studies have investigated the role of DNA methylation (DM), non-coding RNAs, and histone modifications in plant stress responses. However, there are various limitations or challenges in translating the research findings into practical applications. Hence, this review delves into the recent recovery, implications, and applications of epigenetic regulation in response to plant stress. To better understand plant epigenetic regulation under stress, we reviewed recent studies published in the last 5–10 years that made significant contributions, and we analyzed the novel techniques and technologies that have advanced the field, such as next-generation sequencing and genome-wide profiling of epigenetic modifications. We emphasized the breakthrough findings that have uncovered specific genes or pathways and the potential implications of understanding plant epigenetic regulation in response to stress for agriculture, crop improvement, and environmental sustainability. Finally, we concluded that plant epigenetic regulation in response to stress holds immense significance in agriculture, and understanding its mechanisms in stress tolerance can revolutionize crop breeding and genetic engineering strategies, leading to the evolution of stress-tolerant crops and ensuring sustainable food production in the face of climate change and other environmental challenges. Future research in this field will continue to unveil the intricacies of epigenetic regulation and its potential applications in crop improvement.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Plant Epigenetic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Plant Epigenetic Regulation in Response to Plant Stress: Recent Discoveries and Implications

Abdulraheem,

Xiong,

Moshood

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Relative to genetic variation, epigenetic modification (e.g., DNA methylation) may present a new genetically independent and heritable source for phenotypic traits 86,87 . Properly harnessing epigenetic variation may provide new opportunities for kelp improvement 88 . To this end, we first need to understand the level of epigenetic variation within kelps in different developmental stages and in response to different external environments.…”

Section: Potential Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelp breeding in China: Challenges and opportunities for solutions

Hu,

Shan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Breeding has played an important role in the mariculture and industrialization of kelp in China. However, the current kelp breeding systems in China have encountered some problems relating to germplasm diversity, management, technological innovations, and regional co‐operation. This review summarizes the main challenges, such as top‐down and fragmented management of germplasm libraries, as well as private industry breeding without government regulations, inter‐cultivar accidental admixing and genetic erosion, loss of heterozygosity due to repeated selection and self‐crossing. We outline multiple potential approaches to breed cultivars with improved qualitative/quantitative traits which can be subjected to changing environments, for example: (i) establishing a national germplasm repository to enhance integrative collection and preservation of kelp resources; (ii) planning and implementing kelp breeding programmes according to strategic priorities and goal‐orientations; (iii) optimizing a hybridization‐based breeding pipeline to produce robust cultivars through the introgression of novel alleles and thus the expression of hybrid vigour; (iv) enriching the high‐quality annotated reference genomes and functional analysis of trait‐associated markers/loci to develop DNA‐based breeding technologies; (v) developing new priming‐based (e.g., thermal and disease resistance) bio‐engineering breeding strategies to meet future unpredictable climate change; and (vi) breeding towards an ecological kelp‐microbiome interaction‐based technique to produce cultivars with enhanced performance and adaptability to environmental scenarios. Collectively, the lessons learned from kelp breeding in China and the solutions proposed here may not only potentially improve or re‐invigorate the Chinese kelp industry, but will also assist other developing countries in taking corrective actions to develop a sustainable future kelp farming industry.

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“…Since it has been established that the epigenetic mechanisms aid plants in stressed conditions ( Chachar et al, 2022 ), efforts are underway to understand the mechanism of epigenetic enzymatic systems that help in recognizing, installing, and erasing the epigenetic marks. The availability of cutting-edge sequencing technologies coupled with computing methods like machine learning and deep learning is geared towards decoding the role of epigenetic regulation in crop species ( Ali et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Applications Of Epigenetic Mechanisms In Crop Breeding and D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic variation: A major player in facilitating plant fitness under changing environmental conditions

Rajpal

Rathore

Mehta

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Recent research in plant epigenetics has increased our understanding of how epigenetic variability can contribute to adaptive phenotypic plasticity in natural populations. Studies show that environmental changes induce epigenetic switches either independently or in complementation with the genetic variation. Although most of the induced epigenetic variability gets reset between generations and is short-lived, some variation becomes transgenerational and results in heritable phenotypic traits. The short-term epigenetic responses provide the first tier of transient plasticity required for local adaptations while transgenerational epigenetic changes contribute to stress memory and help the plants respond better to recurring or long-term stresses. These transgenerational epigenetic variations translate into an additional tier of diversity which results in stable epialleles. In recent years, studies have been conducted on epigenetic variation in natural populations related to various biological processes, ecological factors, communities, and habitats. With the advent of advanced NGS-based technologies, epigenetic studies targeting plants in diverse environments have increased manifold to enhance our understanding of epigenetic responses to environmental stimuli in facilitating plant fitness. Taking all points together in a frame, the present review is a compilation of present-day knowledge and understanding of the role of epigenetics and its fitness benefits in diverse ecological systems in natural populations.

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Epigenetic modification for horticultural plant improvement comes of age

Cited by 12 publications

References 111 publications

Mechanisms of Plant Epigenetic Regulation in Response to Plant Stress: Recent Discoveries and Implications

Mechanisms of Plant Epigenetic Regulation in Response to Plant Stress: Recent Discoveries and Implications

Kelp breeding in China: Challenges and opportunities for solutions

Epigenetic variation: A major player in facilitating plant fitness under changing environmental conditions

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