Epidermal Enzymes: Their Role in Homeostasis and Their Relationships with Dermatoses

Redoulès, Daniel; Tarroux, R.; Périé, Jacques

doi:10.1159/000029827

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…These hydrolases include ␤ -glucocerebrosidase, acid sphingomyelinase, acid lipases, phosphatases and phospholipases [9] . ␤ -Glucocerebrosidase with an optimum pH of 5.6 is involved in the synthesis of the most important ceramides.…”

Section: Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pH of the Skin Surface and Its Impact on the Barrier Function

Schmid‐Wendtner

Körting

2006

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

679

480

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The ‘acid mantle’ of the stratum corneum seems to be important for both permeability barrier formation and cutaneous antimicrobial defense. However, the origin of the acidic pH, measurable on the skin surface, remains conjectural. Passive and active influencing factors have been proposed, e.g. eccrine and sebaceous secretions as well as proton pumps. In recent years, numerous investigations have been published focusing on the changes in the pH of the deeper layers of the stratum corneum, as well as on the influence of physiological and pathological factors. The pH of the skin follows a sharp gradient across the stratum corneum, which is suspected to be important in controlling enzymatic activities and skin renewal. The skin pH is affected by a great number of endogenous factors, e.g. skin moisture, sweat, sebum, anatomic site, genetic predisposition and age. In addition, exogenous factors like detergents, application of cosmetic products, occlusive dressings as well as topical antibiotics may influence the skin pH. Changes in the pH are reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of skin diseases like irritant contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis, acne vulgaris and Candida albicans infections. Therefore, the use of skin cleansing agents, especially synthetic detergents with a pH of about 5.5, may be of relevance in the prevention and treatment of those skin diseases.

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Section: Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pH of the Skin Surface and Its Impact on the Barrier Function

Schmid‐Wendtner

Körting

2006

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

679

480

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show abstract

“…These lipids form the lamellar structure and provide an intercellular lipid barrier. The protein expression and activation involved in SC formation require high calcium (Ca 2+ ) levels or an acidic pH [11,12]. Therefore, for cornification, it is important to maintain the intracellular and extracellular environment from the upper SG to lower SC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tight junction dysfunction in the stratum granulosum leads to aberrant stratum corneum barrier function in claudin-1-deficient mice

Sugawara¹,

Iwamoto²,

Akashi³

et al. 2013

Journal of Dermatological Science

120

111

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“…In previous studies [3][4] we described and analyzed the enzymes involved in generating this protective envelope and showed that in dry, non-eczematous atopic dermatitis, the phosphatase-like and trypsin-like activities are altered. The present study pursues these investigations in the same type of pathology but in cases involving an inflammatory component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Enzyme Markers during Clinical Regression of Atopic Dermatitis

Tarroux

Assalit²,

Licu³

et al. 2001

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Skin surface enzyme activities were found to be significantly different in healthy and in skin with atopic dermatitis and, following appropriate treatment, a close correlation was observed between the clinical staging of the atopic dermatitis and the levels of the assayed marker enzymes. Samples were taken, by stripping with simple adhesive tapes, from a group of subjects on cure in a spa. The corneocytes were recovered from the first layers of the stratum corneum. Aqueous extracts of the strips were tested for their activity on chromophoric substrates which allow fluorescence spectrometry to be used to assay the trypsin-like, acid-phosphatase-like and phospholipase-A2-like activities. We show that the restoration of return to activities close to those of healthy subjects is related to the general condition of the patients, who showed a clearly improved SCORAD. Recovery of the trypsin-like activity and attenuation of the phospholipase-like activity, paralleled the regression of the dermatitis as assessed by a decrease in clinically evaluated parameters of xerosis and inflammation.

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Epidermal Enzymes: Their Role in Homeostasis and Their Relationships with Dermatoses

Cited by 32 publications

References 52 publications

The pH of the Skin Surface and Its Impact on the Barrier Function

The pH of the Skin Surface and Its Impact on the Barrier Function

Tight junction dysfunction in the stratum granulosum leads to aberrant stratum corneum barrier function in claudin-1-deficient mice

Variability of Enzyme Markers during Clinical Regression of Atopic Dermatitis

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