Epidemiology of Uveitis in a Tertiary-care Referral Institute in North India

Dogra, Mohit; Singh, Ramandeep; Agarwal, Aniruddha; Sharma, Ashok; Singh, Simar Rajan; Seth, Natasha Gautam; Yangzes, Sonam; Samanta, Ramanuj; Sharma, Mahima; Aggarwal, Kanika; Sharma, Aman; Sharma, Kusum; Bansal, Reema; Gupta, Amod; Gupta, Vishali

doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1255761

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several uveitic diseases like birdshot chorioretinopathy, presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and Lyme disease are not seen in India. 7 Uveitis, the fifth commonest cause of visual loss in the developed world, can cause varying degrees of visual loss. In the US, the disease accounts for 10% of the legal blindness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of uveitis: A review

Biswas

2018

IJIR

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of uveitis: A review

Biswas

2018

IJIR

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“…T uberculosis-associated uveitis (TBU) is a common cause of ocular inflammation in TB-endemic countries, 1 and is also reported from nonendemic countries with significant immigrant populations. 2 It is generally diagnosed on the basis of specific clinical signs, ancillary tests, and exclusion of non-TB entities.…”

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Autoreactive T Cells in Immunopathogenesis of TB-Associated Uveitis

Tagirasa

Parmar

Barik

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Intraocular inflammation in tuberculosis-associated uveitis (TBU) is usually widespread, and responds unpredictably to treatment. Herein, we analyze the intraocular Tcell response in TBU for its surface phenotype, antigenic specificity, and functional characteristics to explain the above observations. METHODS. We isolated T cells from vitreous humor samples of patients with TBU and non-TB uveitis (controls). These were directly stained for surface markers CD4, CD8, CD45RO, CD45RA, CCR7, as well as intracellular cytokines IFN-c, TNF-a, and IL-17 and analyzed on flow cytometry. Antigenic specificity was determined by activating with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigen Early Secreted Antigenic Target-6 (ESAT-6) or retinal crude extract (RCE). Activation-induced cell death (AICD) characteristics of each T-cell population were analyzed by staining for PI-Annexin V, Fas-FasL, phospho-Akt, and phospho-Erk1/2. RESULTS. Immunophenotyping of vitreous humor samples demonstrated polyfunctional effector and central memory CD4þ T helper cells coexpressing IFN-c, TNF-a, and IL-17. Both ESAT-6 and RCE (autoreactive) specificity was found in T cells extracted from TBU samples; however, the mycobacterial and autoreactive T-cell populations differed in their sensitivity to AICD. Autoreactive T cells appeared to resist AICD through decreased expression of apoptotic markers, FasL and caspase-3, sustained phosphorylation of Akt, and lowered Erk1/2 activity.CONCLUSIONS. Autoreactive T cells are present in TBU eyes and are relatively resistant to AICD. An understanding of this epiphenomenon could be crucial in planning treatment of TBU patients, and interpreting response to anti-TB therapy.

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“…Such factors have a major impact on the causes and clinical phenotypes of uveitis and have been identified in a number of epidemiology studies. As examples, VKH and sarcoidosis are common in Japan, Behçet's disease in the Mediterranean and Asia, tuberculosis‐associated uveitis in India and toxoplasmosis in South America …”

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confidence: 99%