Epidemiology and pathogenesis of uveitis: A review

Biswas, Jyotirmay

doi:10.15305/ijir/v1i1/249

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[ 4 9 10 20 ] The most common specific infectious etiology diagnosed in our study was IOTB (18.4%), which is similar to most of the previous studies. [ 1 2 ] The pathogenesis of IOTB being immune response to the tuberculous bacilli, which is frequently a paucibacillary type, makes the demonstration of bacilli in the intraocular fluids a rarity. Toxoplasma -associated posterior uveitis has been the frequently diagnosed infectious uveitides in India, next to IOTB in a majority of the Indian studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its prevalence is estimated to be 730 per 1,00,000 population in India. [ 1 ] The incidence of uveitis among the patients visiting tertiary care institutes in India as estimated by the studies in North and South India has been shown to be 1.31% and 0.8%, respectively. [ 2 3 ] The disease per se, complications, and treatment, all can contribute to the visual morbidity, accounting for about 25% of blindness in developing countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pattern of uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in Himalayan belt of North India

Pandurangan

Samanta

Kumawat

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics of uveitis in patients presenting to a tertiary care institute in the northern part of India, predominantly serving the population of Himalayan belt. Methods: In this retrospective descriptive case series, data of 141 eyes of 102 patients diagnosed between January 2019 and January 2021 were analyzed. Patients were diagnosed, named, and meshed as per the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature. A panel of investigations (systemic and ocular ancillary investigations) were done, which was individualized according to the clinical picture. Results: The mean age of presentation was 39.1 ± 14.62 years. A male predominance (62.7%) was noted. Unilateral presentation was seen in 61.8% of patients. Specific etiological diagnosis was not reached in 56.7% of cases. The incidence of infectious and noninfectious uveitis was 23.4% and 19.9%, respectively. The frequency of anterior, intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis was 23.4%, 11.3%, 46.8%, and 18.5%, respectively. Posterior uveitis was the most frequent anatomical location (46.8%). Tuberculous uveitis was the most common definitive etiology irrespective of location (18.5%). Anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis were more frequently idiopathic in origin. Sympathetic ophthalmitis was the most common cause for panuveitis. Conclusion: Uveitis significantly affected the working age group population. Despite the evolution of diagnostic investigations, etiology remained unknown in many cases of uveitis. Infectious etiology was more common. Posterior uveitis as the most frequent anatomical location in our study may be attributed to the tertiary care referral bias.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Pattern of uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in Himalayan belt of North India

Pandurangan

Samanta

Kumawat

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…The population prevalence of UVT in India was estimated to be approximately 730 per 100,000. 1 Exclusion criteria for all HC and UVT subjects was as follows: participants who had taken probiotics, prebiotics, or antibiotics 3 months prior to sample collection; or had undergone gastrointestinal (GI) tract surgery; individuals with a systemic disease (like diabetes, tuberculosis, HIV, sarcoidosis, hypertension, obesity, IBD, prolonged constipation or diarrhea, arthritis, and any other systemic infection or inflammation); patients with diabetic retinopathy (proliferative or nonproliferative), wet age-related macular degeneration, myopic degeneration with active subfoveal choroidal neovascularization, ocular malignancy in either eye including choroidal melanoma, or any form of malignancy were not included in the study cohort. Informed consent was taken from all the study subjects prior to sample collection.…”

Section: Recruitment Of Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population prevalence of UVT in India was estimated to be approximately 730 per 100,000, which is higher than in developed countries. 1 The treatment for UVT is based on nonspecific immune-suppression by using topical and oral corticosteroids, antimetabolites, and alkylating agents. However, due to the adverse side effects, there is a need to develop alternative therapies that will help in improving the treatment of UVT.…”

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confidence: 99%

Implicating Dysbiosis of the Gut Fungal Microbiome in Uveitis, an Inflammatory Disease of the Eye

Jayasudha

Chakravarthy

Prashanthi

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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In this study, the gut fungal microbiome of uveitis (UVT) patients was generated and compared with healthy controls (HC) to identify dysbiosis in UVT patients and ascertain the role of gut fungal microbiome in disease pathology. METHODS. In the present study, gut fungal microbiomes were analyzed in the fecal samples of HC (n ¼ 24) and UVT patients (n ¼ 14) using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of ITS2 region of the fungal ribosomal RNA. QIIME and R software were used for data analysis. RESULTS. The gut fungal richness and diversity were significantly decreased in UVT patients compared to HC. Our analyses showed enrichment of several pathogenic fungi including Malassezia restricta, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Aspergillus gracilis in UVT patients. Heatmap and discriminatory OTUs further confirmed the disparities between UVT and HC microbiomes. CONCLUSIONS. This is the first study demonstrating dysbiosis in the gut fungal communities of UVT patients indicating the importance of fungal microbiome in the disease pathology. These initial findings might warrant further investigation into the fungal microbiome, especially interactions between fungal and bacterial that then might give further insight into how probiotics or fecal transplants might benefit.

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“…The patient's treatment method is determined, depending on the etiological factor. But etiology can not be established in more than 30% cases 4 . In such cases we can use unusual treatment option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Unusual Treatment Option for Panuveitis

2021

Ophthalmology Cases & Hypotheses

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Purpose:The purpose of this study is to report an unusual treatment option for panuveitis.Methods: This study included ophthalmologic examination, optical coherence tomography investigation, laboratory table of inflammatory and infectious diseases, X-ray investigation and review of the relevant literature.Results: A 53-year-old woman who had been unsuccessfully treated to date with a diagnosis of uveitis came to our clinic. After a complete examination, the patient was diagnosed with bilateral idiopathic panuveitis. We used a sequential combination of systemic antibiotics and dexamethasone as a treatment option. After a week of treatment, the patient had a noticeable clinical improvement, which was stable. Conclusion:We have assumptions that the dysbiosis of the microbiota of the body, as a result of the interaction between the microbiota and foreign agents, could lead to such a manifestation, for example, as panuveitis. We assume that the antibiotics acted directly on this link in the pathogenesis. In the future, it will be possible to discover new mechanisms that can be used to treat patients with idiopathic uveitis.

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Epidemiology and pathogenesis of uveitis: A review

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Pattern of uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in Himalayan belt of North India

Pattern of uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in Himalayan belt of North India

Implicating Dysbiosis of the Gut Fungal Microbiome in Uveitis, an Inflammatory Disease of the Eye

Unusual Treatment Option for Panuveitis

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