Epidemiology of Respiratory Viral Infection Among Pædiatric Inpatients Over a Six-Year Period in North-East England

Martin, A. Lynn; Gardner, P. S.; McQuillin, Joyce

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)92351-6

Cited by 128 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is higher than the estimate of 10 per 1000 infants, up to 12 months of age, in Washington, DC [6], but close to Martin and colleagues' estimate in northeast England, where 1 in 50 live-births are admitted to hospital with severe RSV infection [7]. There are, however, many pitfalls in direct comparison of incidence data from different studies, notably the great variation in diagnostic criteria employed [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The average age was 5 months and the mean duration of hospital stay 5 days (range 2-63 days). The mean interval between the onset of illness and admission was 3 days (range [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Seasonal variation of RSV isolation During the course of the study marked seasonal variation in the rate of RSV isolation was found. There was a clear seasonal periodicity with RSV isolation peaking in summer and disappearing in winter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and aetiology of acute bronchiolitis in Hong Kong infants

Sung¹,

Chan

Tam

et al. 1992

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYThe epidemiological, clinical and virological features of 1220 children with acute bronchiolitis admitted to the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, from 1985 to 1988 are reported. They accounted for 6·6% of total paediatric admissions and provided a case incidence of bronchiolitis requiring admission to hospital of approximately 21 per 1000 children 0–24 months of age.The clinical course and outcome was in general benign. The average hospital stay was 5 days and there were no deaths. Ten per cent of patients were repeatedly admitted to hospital with recurrent wheezing after discharge. Two infants developed bronchiolitis obliterans.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was shown by direct immunofluorescence, virus culture and serology to be the commonest cause of acute bronchiolitis in Hong Kong. Other aetiological agents included parainfluenza and influenza viruses, adenoviruses, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.In contrast to western countries, a seasonal variation of bronchiolitis was found with a peak incidence in the summer months. The significance of these observations is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and aetiology of acute bronchiolitis in Hong Kong infants

Sung¹,

Chan

Tam

et al. 1992

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…2) could explain the apparently coincidental peak of the RSV and influenza virus outbreaks during that winter. Glezen & Denny (1973) (0rstavik, Carlsen & Halvorsen, 1980) and England (Martin, Gardner & McQuillin, 1978) have estimated the incidence of RSV infection severe enough to require hospitalization to be 1 in 100 and 1 in 50 in children under 1 year old respectively. On the other hand, seroepidemiological studies by Kim et al (1973) have revealed that approximately one-half of the infants tested were infected by RSV during their first epidemic and almost all children had been infected after living through two RSV epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Martin, Gardner & McQuillin (1978) estimated the risk of acquiring parainfluenza virus type 3 infection serious enough to require hospitalization to be 1 in 300 children born each year. As with RSV, infections with parainfluenza viruses are common in childhood and, by the age of 5 years, the frequency of antibodies to the different types is found to range between 60 % and 90 % (Glezen, Loda & Denny, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of these infections have a viral aetiology with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being the most important pathogen among infants and small children (Kim et al 1973;Martin, Gardner & McQuillin, 1978;0rstavik, Carlsen & Halvorsen, 1980). In children of preschool age, parainfluenza viruses are frequent causes of respiratory infections and are often associated with croup (Downham, McQuillin & Gardner, 1974; Grauballe, Johnsen & Hornsleth, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surveillance of respiratory viral infections by rapid immunofluorescence diagnosis, with emphasis on virus interference

Anestad¹

1987

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYDuring the 7-year period from September 1978 to August 1985, smear specimens of nasopharyngeal secretions from 3132 patients mainly hospitalized children, taken in different regions in Norway, were examined for respiratory viruses by the rapid immunofluorescence (IF) technique. A positive diagnosis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus type 1, 2 and 3 or influenza A and B virus was made for 896 patients (29%). The greatest prevalence for all these viruses was observed during the colder months with only sporadic cases during the summer months. A relative increase in parainfluenza virus activity, involving several parainfluenza virus types, was observed in every second autumn and during these periods only sporadic cases of RSV infection were diagnosed. Also both RSV and parainfluenza viruses were less frequently found during influenza virus epidemics and regional differences in RSV activity were observed. During the four autumn periods 1982-85 the monthly number of positive virus identifications by IF followed an epidemic curve, while the corresponding number of negative samples was relatively constant. The results of this study suggest interference between RSV, parainfluenza viruses and influenza virus in reaching their epidemiological peaks. It is suggested that interferon might be a mediator of this effect.

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