Epidemiology of poisoning

Meredith, T. J.

doi:10.1016/0163-7258(93)90069-p

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The natural curiosity of young children leads them to put their hands and small objects into their mouths. [1] Studies have shown that non-fatal poisoning is most common in the 1 -4-year age group. [1,6] In our survey, 87.2% of children were younger than 5 years, and in all these cases the poisoning was accidental.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Studies have shown that non-fatal poisoning is most common in the 1 -4-year age group. [1,6] In our survey, 87.2% of children were younger than 5 years, and in all these cases the poisoning was accidental. In this age group, as shown in other studies, non-drug chemicals were responsible for the majority of the exposures, with boys more prone to accidental exposure to poisonous substances than girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a distinction between enquiries related to exposures to potentially toxic substances and acute poisonings, as the one does not necessarily lead to the other. [1,2] The spectrum of consultations dealt with by the PIC may be a reflection of the needs of healthcare professionals rather than an indication of the actual national incidence of poisoning. Under-reporting is possible owing to lack of awareness of the accessibility and functions of the PIC as well as to language barriers or difficulty with calls from remote rural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Poisoning data can be derived from many different sources, such as hospital records and poison information centre (PIC) records. However, each of these sources is limited by inherent biases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Toxicovigilance I: A survey of acute poisoning in South Africa based on Tygerberg Poison Information Centre data

2012

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Background. The incidence and spectrum of acute poisonings in South Africa are unknown. Poisoning data can be derived from sources such as hospital admission records and poison information centre (PIC) records. Objectives. This study was conducted to examine the extent of the problem and to identify trends and toxicovigilance issues using PIC data. Methods. A survey was conducted based on Tygerberg Poison Information Centre (TPIC) consultations over 1 year. TPIC consultation forms were analysed for patient demographics and causes of poisoning. Results. The TPIC dealt with 4 771 consultations related to human exposures to poisonous substances. The study showed that accidental exposure was more common than intentional poisoning (65.2% v. 34.8%); that 55.8% of cases were adults, of which 57.6% were females; and that 61.4% of adult cases were intentional exposures, and of these 64.3% were females. There was a predominance of accidental exposures (98.8%) and a male predominance (59.7%) in children. Categories of poisoning exposures across all age groups were non-drug chemicals (52.7%), medicines (35.2%) and biological toxins (12.6%). Pesticides (34.8%), irritant/corrosive substances (27.7%) and volatile hydrocarbons (8.3%) were the most common classes of non-drug chemical exposures. Cholinesterase inhibitors (8.8%), anticoagulant rodenticides (7.1%) and pyrethroids (5.0%) were the most commonly ingested non-drug chemicals. Aldicarb and amitraz poisoning were identified as toxicovigilance targets. Analgesics (26.1%) were the most common class of medicine-related exposure, and paracetamol (15.8%), benzodiazepines (9.2%) and antihistamines (5.2%) were the most common medicine-related exposures. Conclusion. The study provided information on evolving trends and identified toxicovigilance targets and the need for continuing toxicology education programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicovigilance I: A survey of acute poisoning in South Africa based on Tygerberg Poison Information Centre data

2012

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“…Human poisoning is just as important to the approach of today's emergency cases as the introduction of new drugs itself. Despite efforts by clinicians to overturn the higher rate of poisoning-related mortality, cessation of human poisoning in the near term is unlikely [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Etiologic and Sociodemografic Properties of the Intoxicated Cases in Van City and its Environs

Gönüllü¹

2012

J Clin Toxicol

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The purpose of this retrospective hospital-based study was to evaluate clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of acute poisoning cases. All poisonings cases admitted to the emergency department of the Yuzuncu Yil University Training Hospital, Van, Turkey, between June 1999 and May 2005, were evaluated in the study. Etiologic and sociodemografic properties of the intoxicated cases were investigated.There were males 32.6 % and females 67.3 % in the study. 74.6 % of the cases were suicidal and 25.4 % of them accidental. The highest suicidal attempts were seen in the age group 16-25 years and were mostly occurred during spring. The vast majority of the suicide attempters were also young females. Central nervous system drugs (21.8%), carbamates (17.1%), analgesics (10.3%) and organophosphorus components (10%) were most used agents among intoxicated patients. Half of the patients was treated and released from emergency department without hospitalization. Only 6.4% of the cases admitted to critical care. The percentage of the cases that need intensive care unit was highest in central nervous system drugs. Mortality rate was 1.6% and was mostly due to opioid and organophosphorus-related poisonings.Based on the study it was suggested that there was a greater incidence of suicide attempts in younger females. Organophosphorus and carbamate containing chemicals are major causative agents for intoxications particularly in females.

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General Population Strategies of Suicide Prevention

Jenkins¹,

Singh

2000

The International Handbook of Suicide and Attempted Suicide

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Epidemiology of poisoning

Cited by 54 publications

References 28 publications

Toxicovigilance I: A survey of acute poisoning in South Africa based on Tygerberg Poison Information Centre data

Toxicovigilance I: A survey of acute poisoning in South Africa based on Tygerberg Poison Information Centre data

Analyses of Etiologic and Sociodemografic Properties of the Intoxicated Cases in Van City and its Environs

General Population Strategies of Suicide Prevention

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