Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Fractures at a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background/Aim. Epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) varies between populations. This study investigated the epidemiology of MFF treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methods. A retrospective review of 473 medical records of patients with MFF treated from June 2013 to December 2015 was conducted. Information on demographic characteristics of patients, aetiology of injury, types of MFF, and treatment was obtained. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's chi-squared test, and multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results. Most patients treated for MFF were males (82.2%), aged 30 and below (63.1%), and from Malay ethnic (97.4%). Road traffic accident was the most common cause of MFF (83.1%), with motorcycle accident accounting for most injuries (73.6%). Orbital wall fracture was the most frequent MFF type (51.2%). About half of MFF patients (51.4%) were treated conservatively. Patients aged more than 20 years old were at higher odds of sustaining orbital wall fracture (AOR= 1.76; 95% CI: 1.214-2.558; P= 0.003) but were at lower odds of sustaining mandibular fracture (AOR= 0.47; 95% CI: 0.315-0.695; P= 0.001) than patients who are 20 years old and younger. Helmet use among motorcyclists was significantly associated with the nasal, orbital wall, and maxillary sinus wall fractures (P= 0.006, 0.010, and 0.004, respectively). Conclusion. Motorcycle accident was the most common cause of MFF in Kelantan, Malaysia. Ages of patient and helmet use were associated with the type of MFF sustained. This study provides important information to facilitate the planning of MFF prevention strategies among motorcyclists and emphasizes the importance of using a helmet when riding a motorcycle.

Prevalence of Operated Facial Injury in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a Tertiary Hospital

“…During fetching of their necessities, an incident of fall does occur and hence facial of injuries. Physical assaults is a leading cause of facial injuries in developed world, 14,17,18 while it is third in developing country, 3,19 and so is in our study. Wild animals attack in the forest while fetching necessities or animals entering the village are major reasons for animal induced injuries, which makes around 3.7% of facial injuries.…”

“…In other studies, the prevalence of mandibular fracture ranges from 11.1% to 53.8%, whereas for ZMC, its 2.9% to 33.5%. 2,3,5,9,22 As the cases are done in GA/IVA only were included in our study, few cases of the mandibular fracture, dentoalveolar, which are done in LA, are excluded, maybe the reason for the higher ZMC fractures than mandibular fracture. Isolated zygomatic arch, makes less than 5% of total facial fracture, 23 seen in 3.75% in our study which is between 1.9% and 4.9% in other studies.…”

“…Direct procedural expenses and indirect loss because of abstinence from daily activity and reduction in production hampers the society by maxillofacial injuries. 3 Knowledge about the epidemiology of facial injuries helps to understand the occurrence, cause, and pattern of the injuries thus helping the practitioners for diagnosis and plan for the reconstruction and contributes society for making proper policies. [2][3][4][5][6] OMFS Department in the College of Medical Sciences Bharatpur, Chitwan.…”

Recomendações em cirurgias bucomaxilofaciais de urgência e emergência em tempos de COVID-19

“…Fraturas maxilofaciais estão entre as causas mais comuns de ocorrências em um setor de emergência bucomaxilofacial 13 Diante do quadro epidemiológico do coronavírus, como medida de precaução, deve-se considerar os pacientes assintomáticos como suspeitos de infecção, a menos que tenham dois testes COVID-19 negativos separados por pelo menos 24 horas em função da possibilidade de resultados falsonegativos 14 . Os pacientes que testam positivo para COVID-19 ou apresentam sintomas de infecções agudas, patologias ativas ou lesões orais e maxilofaciais, devem receber cuidados em hospitais ou clínicas de referência 14 .…”

Pattern and Outcomes of Injuries among Trauma Patients in Gedeo Zone, Dilla, South Ethiopia: A 5 Years Retrospective Analysis

“…Injury has become a life-threatening community health problem associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide (1,2,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) injury and violence surveillance, more than 5 million people die per year due to injury which accounts for 9% of the world's deaths (19).…”