Epidemiology of ixodid ticks in cattle population of various agro-climatic zones of Punjab, India

Singh, Nirbhay Kumar; Rath, S. S.

doi:10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60169-8

Cited by 84 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Ticks are prevalent worldwide from Asia (Haque et al, 2011;Bilkis et al, 2011;Sajid et al, 2011;Razmi and Ramoon, 2012;Singh and Rath, 2013), Africa (Reye et al, 2012;Tiki and Mekonnen, 2011;Elghali and Hassan, 2012), North and South Americas (Guimaraes et al, 2001;Lohmeyer et al, 2011), Australia (Springell, 1974;Kamau, 2011) and Europe (Kirby et al, 2004;Scharlemann et al, 2008). Ticks not only cause direct losses, but also act as vectors for various pathogens of bacterial, rickettsial, protozoal, and viral origin (Petney et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Sajid

Iqbal

Shamim

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Ticks and tick-borne infections pose major economic threats to the livestock industry throughout the world. The present study reports the point prevalence of ticks in the free range livestock population of the plain and hilly areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Mansehra, Haripur, Shangala, Kohistan), and Gilgit Baltistan (Diamer, Gilgit, Astor) along the Karakoram highway. Through convenient and snowball sampling techniques, a total of 813 animals, consisting of 232 sheep, 163 cattle, 365 goats and 53 buffaloes were screened for their tick burden. During the study, the two tick species identified were Hyalomma anatolicum and Rhipicephalus microplus. The overall prevalence of tick infestation among the screened livestock was 75.03%, with the highest distribution in sheep (81.47%) followed, in order, by cattle (77.91%), goats (72.05%) and buffalo (58.49%). The district-wise prevalence of ticks was the highest in Haripur (85.58), followed, in order, by Gilgit (83.10%), Mansehra (81.14%), Batagram (81.05%), Shangala (77.78%), Kohistan (75.38%), Diamer (72.28%) and Astor (32.22%). The prevalence of ticks was found to be higher (85.67%) in younger livestock than adults (66.44%), and in females (80.33%) than males (66.44%). The present study provides the first report of the tick distribution in higher altitudes of northern Pakistan and confirms the presence of Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus ticks in the plains, as well as the hilly geoclimates of Pakistan. Furthermore, the data on risk factors allows us to make recommendations to restructure the existing husbandry system of northern areas of Pakistan with the aim of reducing the tick burden on livestock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Sajid

Iqbal

Shamim

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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“…(B.) microplus from the study region as previously reported by Singh and Rath (2013). Farmers from this area were reported to have high dependence on chemical acaricides particularly SPs and in most cases were being used without maintaining optimum concentrations leading to their inefficacy against tick control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Fenvalerate resistance status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) from Punjab, India

et al. 2014

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Larval packet test was used for evaluating the resistance levels in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different districts of central plain zone of Punjab state, India against fenvalerate. The regression graphs of probit mortality of larvae plotted against log values of progressively increasing concentrations of fenvalerate were utilized for the estimation of lethal concen- were determined and all field isolates studied were found resistant against fenvalerate. Two field isolates (Jalandhar and Ludhiana) showed level I resistance; three (Patiala, Fatehgarh Sahib and Amritsar) showed level II and Kapurthala isolate showed level IV resistance. The data generated on fenvalerate resistant status will help in judicious use of the drug and formulation of effective tick control strategy for the region.

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“…The results are in agreement with the results of Gattase (1983) in Suez Canal Zone, Darweash (1999) in Elbehaira , Abbas et al, (2006) in Giza and Ismailia, Salim abadi et al, (2010) in Iran and Moges et al, (2012) in Chilga district, northwestern Ethiopia. On the other hand, disagreement with Hassan et al, (1958) in Egypt, El-Housary (1981 in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate and Singh and Rath (2013) in India, who recorded the activity of tick was increasing in the rainy season (autumn and spring) Thus rainfall (humidity) seemed to be an important macroclimatic factor influencing seasonal variation in tick infection.…”

Section: -Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Dynamics of Boophilus Ticks and its Role in Transmission of Piroplasms at Behaira District

Menshawy¹,

Bazh²,

Abou-Rawash³

2018

AJVS

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Dynamics of Boophilus tick was investigated at Behaira district. A total number of 86 out of 839 cattle (10.25%) were infected with Boophilus spp. The prevalence of Boophilus spp infection predominated in summer season (21.33%) followed by autumn (10.78%) and last spring (6.34%) and the lowest burden was in winter. Concerning the locality, El-Dalangat was representing the highest locality infected with tick vector (17.39%) and according to age, the animals less than one year was the lowest one infected with tick (5.17%) then animals which were aged 1-3 years (9.8%) and animals more than 3 years (10.75%).The neck and dewlap representing the highest predilection seats of Boophilus spp. (81.39%) in cattle and the lowest one was udder (2.94%). Hemolymph and salivary gland samples of 56 Boophilus spp were extracted, stained by Giemsa and microscopically inspected under oil immersion lens. the total infection of Hemolymph with ookinete was 28.57% that increased in summer season (32.14%). The total infection rate was 21.43% and increased in summer (25%) and no infection was recorded in winter. Electron microscopic examination of salivary gland of Boophilus spp. showed a presence of electron-dense, irregularshaped sporozoites in some infected cells Correspondence to:soadelmenshawy@vetmed. dmu.edu.eg

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Epidemiology of ixodid ticks in cattle population of various agro-climatic zones of Punjab, India

Abstract: The findings of the current study would provide a basis for evolving effective control strategy for the management of ticks in bovines of the region.

Cited by 84 publications

References 5 publications

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Fenvalerate resistance status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) from Punjab, India

Dynamics of Boophilus Ticks and its Role in Transmission of Piroplasms at Behaira District

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