Abstract:Summary
Hip fracture data were retrieved from electronical medical records for the years 2017–2019 in the State of Qatar and used to create a FRAX® model to facilitate fracture risk assessment. Hip fracture rates were comparable with estimates from Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, and Kuwait but fracture probabilities varied due to differences in mortality.
Objective
This paper describes the epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures i… Show more
“…A limitation of the Saudi FRAX model is that it was based on approximately only 12% of the at-risk population, which means the current model may not be generalizable. The obtained hip fracture rates however were similar to those obtained from other GCC counterparts, UAE and Kuwait, but not Qatar [ 21 ]. Fig.…”
Summary
The Saudi Osteoporosis Society (SOS) has updated its guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia (SA), with emphasis on postmenopausal women. This document is relevant to all healthcare professionals in SA involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures.
Introduction
The SOS launched the first national osteoporosis guidelines in 2015 and spearheaded the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) osteoporosis consensus report in 2020 which was under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO). This paper highlights a major update of the guidelines in the SA setting.
Methods
This guideline is an adaptation of the current guidelines derived from ESCEO, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), and the GCC osteoporosis consensus report and studies on osteoporosis done in SA. Where accessible, the timeliest systematic review, meta-analysis, and randomized controlled trials were used as evidence.
Results
The present update includes new recommendations for the assessment of osteoporosis taking into consideration the Saudi model of FRAX for fracture probabilities, appropriate doses for the maintenance of vitamin D status and calcium, the use of representative blood analytes for therapy monitoring, the use of romosozumab and sequential therapy in the pharmacological management strategies, and the establishment of fracture liaison services to prevent secondary fractures.
Conclusion
This updated guideline is for all healthcare professionals involved in osteoporosis and post-fracture care and management in SA and harmonized the most up-to-date changes in the field based on evidence-based medicine for use in the local setting.
“…A limitation of the Saudi FRAX model is that it was based on approximately only 12% of the at-risk population, which means the current model may not be generalizable. The obtained hip fracture rates however were similar to those obtained from other GCC counterparts, UAE and Kuwait, but not Qatar [ 21 ]. Fig.…”
Summary
The Saudi Osteoporosis Society (SOS) has updated its guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia (SA), with emphasis on postmenopausal women. This document is relevant to all healthcare professionals in SA involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures.
Introduction
The SOS launched the first national osteoporosis guidelines in 2015 and spearheaded the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) osteoporosis consensus report in 2020 which was under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO). This paper highlights a major update of the guidelines in the SA setting.
Methods
This guideline is an adaptation of the current guidelines derived from ESCEO, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), and the GCC osteoporosis consensus report and studies on osteoporosis done in SA. Where accessible, the timeliest systematic review, meta-analysis, and randomized controlled trials were used as evidence.
Results
The present update includes new recommendations for the assessment of osteoporosis taking into consideration the Saudi model of FRAX for fracture probabilities, appropriate doses for the maintenance of vitamin D status and calcium, the use of representative blood analytes for therapy monitoring, the use of romosozumab and sequential therapy in the pharmacological management strategies, and the establishment of fracture liaison services to prevent secondary fractures.
Conclusion
This updated guideline is for all healthcare professionals involved in osteoporosis and post-fracture care and management in SA and harmonized the most up-to-date changes in the field based on evidence-based medicine for use in the local setting.
“…The annual incidence in the Middle East Arab region is ranging from 60 to 150 per 100,000 individuals. [5][6][7][8] It is estimated that the number of hip fractures is projected to double and even quadruple in Middle East countries, according to the Middle East and Africa International Osteoporosis Foundation's audit. 14 Knowing the present and projected epidemiology of this major healthcare issue is paramount for healthcare policymakers.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3,4 Few studies discussed the epidemiology of elderly hip fractures within the region of the Middle East/ Arab populations. [5][6][7][8] To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous nation-based study that discussed the epidemiology of elderly hip fracture in Jordan. There were only two single-center studies from Jordan that discussed hip fracturerelated issues.…”
Background
Elderly hip fractures represent a global health care burden. Several reports expected a massive increase in the incidence of hip fractures by the next few decades. Knowing the epidemiology of hip fractures is crucial for planning health care policies. The purpose of this study is to provide a nationwide epidemiological overview of hip fractures in Jordan and to report the perioperative outcomes that may help to improve the delivered healthcare. .
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study at 2 university hospitals and 2 major governmental hospitals in Jordan. We reviewed the records for all patients (age >55 years) who were diagnosed with hip fractures over a 3 years duration (2019–2021). We documented the patient’s characteristics and the perioperative data (including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative details including the 1-year mortality).
Results
The total number of included patients was 1268; more than half (53.7%) were females. The mean age is 75 years (SD 9.7). The most common fracture type was trochanteric (66.2%). 7% of patients had a prior contralateral hip fracture. The average time from admission to surgery was 2.96 days (SD 2.63). The surgery was done within 48 hours for 56.7% of patients. Approximately, one-third of all patients (34.5%) received a blood transfusion. The average length of hospital stay is 7.44 days (SD 5). The overall rate of postoperative thromboembolic events, readmission within 1 month, and revision for the same surgery are 2.4%, 10.7%, and 3% respectively. The 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month mortality rates are 4.5%, 9.1%, and 12.8% respectively.
Conclusion
The annual incidence of elderly hip fractures in Jordan is approximately 96 per 100,000 individuals. The 1-year mortality rate of hip fractures in Jordan is 12.8%. Both findings are in the lower range of nearby Arab countries.
“…In order to compare hip fracture probabilities with those of other regions of the world, the remaining lifetime probability of hip fracture from the age of 50 years was calculated for men and women, as described previously [ 18 ]. In the present analysis, values for Saudi Arabia were compared with those of Abu Dhabi, Botswana, China (Hong Kong), Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Singapore (Indian), South Africa (White and Black), Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the USA (Caucasian and Black), and Uzbekistan [ 19 , 20 ].…”
Summary
A prospective hospital-based survey in representative regions of Saudi Arabia determined the incidence of fractures at the hip. The hip fracture rates were used to create a FRAX® model to facilitate fracture risk assessment in Saudi Arabia.
Objective
This paper describes the incidence of hip fracture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that was used to characterize the current and future burden of hip fracture, to develop a country-specific FRAX® tool for fracture prediction and to compare fracture probabilities with neighbouring countries.
Methods
During a 2-year (2017/2018) prospective survey in 15 hospitals with a defined catchment population, hip fractures in Saudi citizens were prospectively identified from hospital registers. The number of hip fractures and future burden was determined from national demography. Age- and sex-specific incidence of hip fracture and national mortality rates were incorporated into a FRAX model for Saudi Arabia. Fracture probabilities were compared with those from Kuwait and Abu Dhabi.
Results
The incidence of hip fracture applied nationally suggested that the estimated number of hip fractures nationwide in persons over the age of 50 years for 2015 was 2,949 and is predicted to increase nearly sevenfold to 20,328 in 2050. Hip fracture rates were comparable with estimates from Abu Dhabi and Kuwait. By contrast, probabilities of a major osteoporotic fracture or hip fracture from the age of 70 years were much lower than those seen in Abu Dhabi and Kuwait due to higher mortality estimates for Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion
A country-specific FRAX tool for fracture prediction has been developed for Saudi Arabia which is expected to help guide decisions about treatment.
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