Background Elderly hip fractures represent a global health care burden. Several reports expected a massive increase in the incidence of hip fractures by the next few decades. Knowing the epidemiology of hip fractures is crucial for planning health care policies. The purpose of this study is to provide a nationwide epidemiological overview of hip ‎fractures in Jordan and to report the perioperative outcomes that may help to improve the delivered healthcare. ‎. Methods We conducted ‎ a retrospective study at 2 university hospitals and 2 major ‎governmental hospitals in Jordan.‎ We reviewed the records for all patients (age >55 years) who were diagnosed with hip fractures ‎over a 3 years duration (2019–2021). ‎We documented the patient’s characteristics and the perioperative data (including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative details including the 1-year mortality).‎ Results The total number of included patients was 1268; more than half (53.7%) were females.‎ The mean age is ‎75 years (SD 9.7). ‎ The most common fracture type was trochanteric (66.2%)‎. ‎7% of patients had a prior contralateral hip fracture‎. The average time from admission to surgery was 2.96 days (SD 2.63). The surgery was done within 48 ‎hours for ‎56.7%‎ of patients.‎ Approximately, one-third of all patients (34.5%) received a blood transfusion.‎ The average length of hospital stay is 7.44 days (SD 5). The overall rate of postoperative thromboembolic events, readmission within 1 month, and revision ‎for the same surgery are 2.4%‎, 10.7%‎, and 3% respectively.‎ The 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month mortality rates are 4.5%, 9.1%, and 12.8% respectively. Conclusion The annual incidence of elderly hip fractures in Jordan is approximately 96 per 100,000 individuals. The 1-year mortality rate of hip fractures in Jordan ‎is ‎12.8%‎.‎ Both findings are ‎in the lower range of nearby Arab countries.

Introduction Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are expansile, lytic, and benign but locally aggressive lesions. Pelvic ABCs are rare and sometimes difficult to manage surgically. Case Report A 17-year-old female presented with progressive pain and swelling in the right inguinal region. Pelvis radiograph showed a lytic expansile lesion of the superior pubic ramus. A multiloculated cystic lesion was evident on magnetic resonance imaging, and postoperative histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of ABC. The patient was treated successfully with an intralesional curettage and bone grafting. The postoperative course was uncomplicated with complete healing and no recurrence after 14 months of follow-up. Conclusion ABC of the pubic ramus is a rare entity. Complete intralesional curettage and bone ‎grafting ‎is an effective treatment for pubic ABC. An individualized management approach ‎considering ‎the surgical team expertise, tumor size, and proximity to neighboring structures ‎is recommended.‎.

Background Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in sports are frequent in children and young adults participating in sporting activities involving rotational and pivoting movements. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most accurate diagnostic tool to detect an ACL tear. There are, however, a number of specialized tests available to assess ACL competency. Hypothesis A novel test was described with extremely high clinical accuracy. The purpose of this study was to assess its clinical accuracy when performed by non-orthopedic providers, such as medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and two patients with an MRI-proven complete ACL tear were selected. One patient was thin, and the other was overweight, and both were examined by 100 medical students for both the injured and uninjured knee. The results for these exams were recorded, and a statistical analysis of the screening test was done to evaluate the new special test. Results Our results were different from the ones found in the literature: we found the test to have a significantly lower performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios compared to the literature numbers. Conclusion The Lever sign (Lelli’s) test loses clinical credibility and significance when performed by non-orthopedic providers or doctors, such as medical students in our study.

Objectives Teaching medical students proper physical examination techniques is an integral component of their clinical training. Multiple physical examination tests exist in orthopedics, with tests for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears being conducted frequently due to the prevalence of this injury. The three most common physical examination tests are Lachman's test, anterior drawer test, and Lilli's test. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical accuracy, competence, and motor skill acquisition of medical students while performing these tests. Methods Four patients with a complete ACL tear were selected using a cross-sectional study design. Over the course of one month, the four patients were examined for ACL injury using the three specialized tests. The results of these examinations were recorded, and a statistical evaluation of the student's performance and diagnostic metrics was conducted. Results In terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy, we find that the Lachman's and anterior drawer tests perform considerably lower than Lilli's test. When compared to the other tests, students demonstrated a faster learning curve for Lilli's test. Conclusion Orthopedic special tests are notoriously difficult for medical students, despite their apparent simplicity. Special tests that are less technically demanding (Lilli's) have a shorter learning curve and can be implemented more rapidly by the students. Level of Evidence: Level 4, Cross sectional Descriptive

Importance Alkaptonuric shoulder arthropathy is a challenging clinical entity in arthroplasty. In this report, we describe an atypical presentation, technical considerations, a literature review, and some recommendations of significant benefits to shoulder surgeons. Objective The author’s objective in this report is to illustrate the deleterious metabolic effects of ochronosis on cartilage and the development of early arthritis. Design This is a case report study, done in May 2021. Setting Middle East, Jordan. Introduction Alkaptonuria is a metabolic disease of amino acid metabolism that can affect multiple organ systems, including the musculoskeletal system. The musculoskeletal system manifestations usually involve the spine, knee, and, uncommonly, the shoulder. Tissue ochronosis caused by alkaptonuria can cause significant damage to the joint and surrounding soft tissue envelope. In this case, we presented a patient who has end-stage glenohumeral arthritis and rotator cuff arthropathy secondary to ochronosis. Case Presentation In this case report, we present a 42-year-old male patient who presented to the clinic with severe right shoulder pain and limitations of the range of motion, especially with abduction. The patient underwent radiographic assessment, which showed a rotator cuff arthropathy combined with advanced degenerative changes of the right glenohumeral joint. The patient underwent reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. After the surgery and on follow-up later on for a period of one year and after a period of physiotherapy and rehabilitation, the patient showed remarkable improvement in the pain and range of motion. Conclusion Alkaptonuria can have a detrimental effect on the articular cartilage and the surrounding soft tissue envelope, which might manifest clinically as early degenerative arthritis changes in a young adult patient. Shoulder involvement is extremely rare and can manifest with substantial injury to the glenohumeral joint; whenever such extensive damage is present, shoulder arthroplasty is the best treatment.