Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Saudi Arabia

Arif, Mohammad; Qattan, Ilham T; Al-Faleh, Faleh Z.; Ramia, S.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1994.11812854

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[22][23][24][25][26][27] Although seroprevalence has differed among the studies, these reports have consistently demonstrated relatively lower seroprevalence in the first decade, rising in the second decade, and then leveling off. However, a recent study from India reported high seroprevalence in the first decade, peaking in childhood and decreasing somewhat in adults, similar to the pattern seen in this report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Fix

Abdel‐Hamid²,

Purcell³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

112

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Abstract. A population-based serosurvey in two rural Egyptian communities was used to assess age-specific prevalence of antibody to hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV). One community is in the Nile Delta (11,182 inhabitants; 3,997 participants) and the other in Upper Egypt (10,970 inhabitants; 6,029 participants). Samples were tested for anti-HEV with a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) based on antigens derived from open reading frame (ORF)2 and ORF3. Although there was a clear difference in sensitivity among the lots of the commercial test used, it was still possible to determine the seroprevalence. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV exceeded 60% in the first decade of life, peaked at 76% in the second decade and remained above 60% until the eighth decade. Prevalence of this magnitude is among the highest reported in the world, with an age-specific pattern more similar to hyperendemic hepatitis A virus transmission than generally described. Lot-to-lot variation in the sensitivity of the commercial ELISA kit highlights a problem when comparing seroepidemiologic studies of different populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Fix

Abdel‐Hamid²,

Purcell³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

112

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“…Arif et al (1994) showed that 86.7% of all patients with acute hepatitis and anti-HEV IgG positive also had anti-HEV IgM positive. Our results showed that 2.1% of the cases of NANBNC acute hepatitis registered at NRCVH in Rio de Janeiro between January 1994 and December 1996 were anti-HEV IgG antibodies positive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Arif et al (1994), some facts must be considered when studying the prevalence of HEV infection: (i) HEV excretion is limited to low concentrations which may restrict the spread of the virus (Ticehurst et al 1992); (ii) we do not know the persistence of antibodies to HEV. Some reports showed that anti-HEV IgG disappears 6 to 12 months post-infection (Goldsmith et al 1992), whereas others claim that these antibodies can persist for 1 to 5 years (Dawson et al 1992, Rapicetta et al 1999; and (iii) the tests available for the detection of HEV antibodies seem to lack sensitivity or specificity to fully characterize HEV infection (Arif et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some reports showed that anti-HEV IgG disappears 6 to 12 months post-infection (Goldsmith et al 1992), whereas others claim that these antibodies can persist for 1 to 5 years (Dawson et al 1992, Rapicetta et al 1999; and (iii) the tests available for the detection of HEV antibodies seem to lack sensitivity or specificity to fully characterize HEV infection (Arif et al 1994). Many of the unexpected results and discrepancies found in HEV epidemiologic studies in Brazil and in other countries can be ascribed to differences in assays for anti-HEV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis E virus infection in selected Brazilian populations

Trinta

Liberto

Paula³

et al. 2001

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…They were selected by randomized age-stratified sampling from urban and rural areas of Sari district, the capital of Mazandaran province, northern Islamic Republic of Iran (population 450 000 and 110 000-120 000 in the range 2-25 years). The sample size (1152) was calculated based on studies from other countries [10,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and probable prevalence of 25%. Individuals with acute infection, pregnancy, immunodeficiency, receiving blood or blood products within the last 3 months and chronic renal and liver diseases were excluded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in 2-25-year-olds in Sari district, Islamic Republic of Iran

Farhadi²,

Ajami³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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The seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection (HEV) in children and young adults was determined in a community-based survey in an area of northern Islamic Republic of Iran. Serum samples were taken from 1080 randomly selected apparently healthy 2-25-year-olds from urban and rural regions of Sari district. Anti-HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 25 individuals (2.3%). Seroprevalence increased significantly with age from 3/255 (1.2%) in children < 10 years to 8/110 (7.3%) in those aged 20-25 years. No differences in HEV status were noted between the sexes. Earlier age at exposure to infection and a higher infection rate were found in people residing in rural areas than in urban areas.Séroépidémiologie de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite E chez les enfants et les jeunes de 2 à 25 ans dans le district de Sari (République islamique d'Iran) RÉSUMÉ La séroprévalence de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite E (VHE) chez les enfants et les jeunes adultes a été déterminée grâce à une enquête communautaire réalisée dans une région du nord de la République islamique d'Iran. Des échantillons de sérum ont été prélevés sur 1 080 enfants et jeunes âgés de 2 à 25 ans sélectionnés au hasard, apparemment en bonne santé, qui venaient de régions urbaines et rurales du district de Sari. Des anticorps anti-VHE de type IgG ont été détectés chez 25 sujets (2,3 %). La séroprévalence augmentait significativement avec l'âge, de 3 sur 255 (1,2 %) chez les enfants de moins de 10 ans à 8 sur 110 (7,3 %) chez les jeunes âgés de 20 à 25 ans. Aucune différence n'a été observée entre les deux sexes quant à la sérologie VHE. L'enquête a montré que les personnes vivant en zone rurale étaient exposées plus jeunes à l'infection et connaissaient un taux d'infection plus élevé que celles vivant en zone urbaine.

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Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Hepatitis E virus infection in selected Brazilian populations

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in 2-25-year-olds in Sari district, Islamic Republic of Iran

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