Epidemiology of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Uduman, Junior

doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2018.08.009

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…However, CKD impacts global health indirectly by considerably increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [ 5 , 6 ]. Furthermore, many studies have already clearly shown that heart failure additionally leads to kidney failure and vice versa, as reviewed elsewhere [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Some predisposing factors for developing CVDs and CKD are shared, such as obesity, diabetes, and age, and some risk factors for CVDs are CKD-related, such as increased uremic toxin concentrations, proteinuria, and altered mineral metabolism [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in Chronic Kidney Disease: Four Candidates for Clinical Application

Peters

Floege

Biessen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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There are still major challenges regarding the early diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is in part due to the fact that its pathophysiology is very complex and not clarified in detail. The diagnosis of CKD commonly is made after kidney damage has occurred. This highlights the need for better mechanistic insight into CKD as well as improved clinical tools for both diagnosis and treatment. In the last decade, many studies have focused on microRNAs (miRs) as novel diagnostic tools or clinical targets. MiRs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation and many have been studied in CKD. A wide array of pre-clinical and clinical studies have highlighted the potential role for miRs in the pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, kidney tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and some of the associated cardiovascular complications. In this review, we will provide an overview of the miRs studied in CKD, especially highlighting miR-103a-3p, miR-192-5p, the miR-29 family and miR-21-5p as these have the greatest potential to result in novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in Chronic Kidney Disease: Four Candidates for Clinical Application

Peters

Floege

Biessen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Thus, kidney injury is usually secondary to multiorgan failure of various cases [15]. AKI, however, is associated with an 86% increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and a 38% increased risk of major cardiovascular events [16]. Multiple pathways have been identified for how AKI can affect heart function.…”

Section: Crs Type 3 (Acute Renocardiac Syndrome)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, primary neuropathy and diabetes mellitus lead to cardiac disruption in CKD stage 1-2 [13]. In stages 3-4, anemia, uremic toxins, electrolyte imbalance and volume overload result in disruption of cardiac function [16]. In stage 5, soft tissue calcification and erythropoietin (EPO) resistance arise as well [13].…”

Section: Crs Type 4 (Chronic Renocardiac Syndrome)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute type-5 CRS is diagnosed as hyper-acute (0 -72 h after diagnosis), acute (3 -7 days), or subacute (7 -30 days) and chronic (beyond 30 days). Acute CRS type-5 is usually superimposed above underlying cardiac and kidney disease and dependent on the systemic disease of interest [16]. This form of CRS is reversible if the systemic disease is controlled.…”

Section: Crs Type 5 (Secondary Crs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Update on the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Cardiorenal Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) encompasses various disorders of the heart and kidneys; dysfunction of one organ leads to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. It incorporates the intersection of heart-kidney interactions across several mediums, hemodynamically, through the alterations in neurohormonal markers, and increased venous and renal pressure, all of which are hallmarks of its clinical phenotypes. This article explores the epidemiology, pathology, classification and treatment of each type of CRS.

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“…Heart failure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular death, has seen an increased prevalence nowadays, along with renal insufficiency. It's estimated that 25-63% of heart failure patients have the comorbidity of renal insufficiency, an independent risk factor of various cardiovascular events and predictors of poor prognosis (1). A therapeutic principle of heart failure emphasizing decongestive treatment is limited by the demand for sufficient perfusion in terms of renal insufficiency therapy, making the treatment of both concomitant diseases more complicated and contradictory, with mild balance; hence, the great interest in cardiorenal interactions has broadened among researchers and clinicians, and the concept of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) was first proposed in 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%