Epidemiology of adult chronic cough: disease burden, regional issues, and recent findings

Lee, Ji‐Hyang; Kang, Sung Yoon; Yoo, Youngsang; An, Jin; Park, Soyoung; Lee, Ji-Ho; Lee, Seung‐Eun; Kim, Min-Hye; Kanemitsu, Yoshihiro; Chang, Yoon-Seok; Song, Woo-Jung

doi:10.5415/apallergy.2021.11.e38

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…11 Acute and chronic cough is one of the most common symptoms associated with medical problems. 12 There continues to be a need for effective treatments with benzonatate remaining one of the few nonnarcotic antitussive agents available. 13,14 Use of benzonatate in various clinical settings continues to rise as do reports of its toxicities and misuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzonatate Safety and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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Objective: To review the available literature regarding the treatment effects and efficacy of benzonatate needed to better inform patients, providers, and regulators evaluating its role in modern medical therapies. Data Sources: Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Library, and Scopus for original research articles evaluating the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety profile of benzonatate from January 1956 through August 2022. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The identified studies were screened for relevance and then assessed for inclusion through a full-text review, data extraction, and quality assessment by multiple reviewers using the online software Covidence. Data Synthesis: The selection process resulted in 37 articles consisting of 21 cohort studies, 5 experimental studies, and 11 case studies and series. Initial clinical studies exploring potential therapeutic benefits collected data from very small populations and limited clinical settings. Safety is primarily assessed in terms of toxicity due to overdose or inappropriate use. Quality assessment raised concerns for high degrees of biases primarily related to the limited sample size, data collection, generalizability, and study design. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review reveals substantial limitations within existing evidence pertaining to the safety and clinical effectiveness of benzonatate and thus, a need for large observational studies or randomized trials to better characterize its role and value in modern medical practice. Conclusions: Rising safety concerns should bring closer scrutiny upon the prescription of benzonatate whose approval is founded upon evidence that would not stand up to current regulatory review.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzonatate Safety and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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“…It is believed that coughing accounts for up to 50% of all office visits throughout the winter. 2 Cough is a common symptom experienced by individuals of all ages and can arise from various underlying causes. It serves as a protective reflex to clear the respiratory tract of irritants, foreign substances, or excessive secretions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Cough Management: Emerging Strategies and Therapies

Lavhale,

Shakya,

Kesharwani

et al. 2023

J App Pharm Sci Res

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The management of cough, a prevalent symptom impacting the quality of life, has undergone transformative developments propelled by recent research. Cough syrups, longstanding components in cough management, have witnessed substantial progress aimed at refining efficacy, safety, and targeted delivery. Modern formulations exhibit innovations in drug delivery systems, heightening bioavailability and allowing targeted drug release. Extended-release preparations and mucoadhesive syrups offer prolonged cough suppression or augmented expectorant effects. The incorporation of innovative compounds introduces diverse treatment options; transient receptor potential (TRP) channel antagonists, targeting cough receptors, prove effective in inhibiting cough reflex hypersensitivity, while anti-inflammatory agents address underlying airway inflammation. Natural remedies like ivy leaf extract, thyme, or licorice gain prominence for their antitussive and expectorant properties. Advancements in understanding cough pathophysiology enable tailored therapies for specific cough types or underlying causes. Specialized cough syrup formulations now address neuropathic cough, chronic cough associated with respiratory diseases, or cough triggered by gastroesophageal reflux, targeting the root causes of cough. This comprehensive review underscores the evolving landscape of cough management, encompassing enhanced formulations, novel compounds, and a nuanced understanding of cough pathophysiology. These advancements signify a paradigm shift in optimizing symptomatic relief and fostering an accelerated recovery process, marking a notable stride towards improving the overall well-being of individuals affected by cough.

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“…However, a dysregulated cough reflex has a significant physical, social, and psychological burden on the population. 1 Recently, cough hypersensitivity syndrome (CHS) was proposed for chronic cough in adults and endorsed by the European Respiratory Society (ERS) task force. 2 Chronic cough is not a disease-related condition but a clinical syndrome characterized by troublesome coughing often triggered by low levels of thermal, mechanical, or chemical exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and Safety of Codeine and Levodropropizine in Patients With Chronic Cough

Lee

Kang

2022

J Korean Med Sci

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Background Recent progress in chronic cough management includes controlling cough triggers and hypersensitivity using antitussives. Therefore, we investigated the effects and safety outcomes of antitussives, codeine and levodropropizine, in patients with chronic cough. Methods We conducted an open-label, randomized comparative trial with newly referred patients with chronic cough. Patients were orally administered codeine (60 mg/day) and levodropropizine (180 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Cough severity, including the visual analog scale (VAS), Cough Symptom Score (CSS), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and safety for each treatment were assessed. The primary outcome was VAS score changes before and after 2 weeks of treatment. Results Among the 88 participants, 45 and 43 in the codeine and levodropropizine groups, respectively, were included in the analysis. Changes in the VAS score were higher in the codeine group than in the levodropropizine group (35.11 ± 20.74 vs. 19.77 ± 24.83, P = 0.002). Patients administered codeine also had improved CSS (2.96 ± 2.35 vs. 1.26 ± 1.89, P < 0.001) and LCQ (3.28 ± 3.36 vs. 1.61 ± 3.53, P = 0.025) than those administered levodropropizine. Treatment-related adverse events, including drowsiness, constipation, and headaches, were more frequent in the codeine group than in the levodropropizine group. However, no significant differences existed in the adverse events leading to discontinuation. Conclusion Codeine is an effective and generally well-tolerated antitussive for chronic cough. However, it may induce side effects in some patients. Individual responses and adverse events should be carefully monitored when codeine is used to treat chronic cough.

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Epidemiology of adult chronic cough: disease burden, regional issues, and recent findings

Cited by 10 publications

References 86 publications

Benzonatate Safety and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Benzonatate Safety and Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Recent Advancements in Cough Management: Emerging Strategies and Therapies

Effectiveness and Safety of Codeine and Levodropropizine in Patients With Chronic Cough

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