Epidemiology and role of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> virulence factors in gastric cancer carcinogenesis

Sukri, Asif; Hanafiah, Alfizah; Zin, Noraziah Mohamad; Kosai, Nik Ritza

doi:10.1111/apm.13034

Cited by 72 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Instead, the IL-8-251 AA genotype represents an important indicator of the presence of gastric cancer. Furthermore, the bacterium reduces the production of the peptides trefoil factor (TFF)-1 and trefoil factor (TFF)-2, which play a role in the repair of the gastric mucosa (such as gastritis and ulcers) and suppress the processes of carcinogenesis (Figure 9) [164][165][166][167][168][169][170].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

40 Years of Helicobacter pylori: A Revolution in Biomedical Thought

Charitos

D’Agostino

Topi

et al. 2021

Gastroenterology Insights

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Background: Various microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, and fungi can infect humans and cause not just a simple infection but septic conditions, organ dysfunction, and precancerous conditions or cancer involving various organ systems. After the discovery of the microscope, it was easier to discover and study such microorganisms, as in the case of Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen that was seen in the distant era of the nineteenth century but without being recognized as such. It took 100 years to later discover the pathogenesis and the cancer that this bacterium can cause. Since it was discovered, until today, there has been a continuous search for the understanding of its pathogenetic mechanisms, and the therapeutic approach is continuously updated. Methods: We investigated how diagnosis and therapy were dealt with in the past and how researchers sought to understand, exactly, the pathogenetic biomolecular mechanisms of H. pylori, from the genesis of the infection to the current knowledge, with an analysis of carcinogenic mechanisms in the stomach. We have examined the scientific evolution of the knowledge of the disease over these 40 years in the gastroenterological and pharmacological fields. This was possible through a search in the databases of Medline, the WHO website, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website, PubMed, and Web of Science to analyze the earlier and the latest data regarding H. pylori. Results: With the scientific discoveries over time, thanks to an increasing number of progressions in scientific research in the analysis of the gastric mucosa, the role of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer, carcinogenesis, and in some forms of gastric lymphoma was revealed. Furthermore, over the years, the biomolecular mechanism involvement in some diseases has also been noted (such as cardiovascular ones), which could affect patients positive for H. pylori. Conclusions: Thanks to scientific and technological advances, the role of the bacterium H. pylori in carcinogenesis has been discovered and demonstrated, and new prospective research is currently attempting to investigate the role of other factors in the stomach and other organs. Cancer from H. pylori infection had a high incidence rate compared to various types of cancer, but in recent years, it is improving thanks to the techniques developed in the detection of the bacterium and the evolution of therapies. Thus, although it has become an increasingly treatable disease, there is still continuous ongoing research in the field of treatment for resistance and pharma compliance. Furthermore, in this field, probiotic therapy is considered a valid adjuvant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

40 Years of Helicobacter pylori: A Revolution in Biomedical Thought

Charitos

D’Agostino

Topi

et al. 2021

Gastroenterology Insights

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“…It have been shown that a variety of pathogenic microorganisms can weaken the lethality of immune cells in the host microenvironment, induce immune tolerance and even functional exhaustion, and eventually lead to tumor immune escape and long-term colonization in tumor cells, promoting the occurrence and development of malignant tumors [22] . Such as Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer, human papillomavirus and cervical cancer, chlamydia pneumoniae and lung cancer, Escherichia coli and colon cancer, these pathogenic microorganisms can regulate the tumor microenvironment through long-term colonization in the body, and finally promote the occurrence and development of malignant tumor [ [4] , [5] , [6] – 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance and prognostic value of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection in lung cancer

Liu

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2021

Translational Oncology

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“…The pathogenic ability of H. pylori strains is diverse, so the development and progression of host diseases caused by H. pylori strains vary. So far, the known virulence factors of H. pylori strains have included CagA, VacA, Urease A/B, DupA, OMPs and ICEA, of which CagA, VacA and Urease A/B are the best characterized and investigated ones [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Infections of Helicobacter Pylori With Different Virulent Factors on Severity of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Zhang

Fang

Tian

2021

Preprint

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Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infection, one of the most common chronic bacterial infections, has been considered as a major cause of diseases such as lymphoma, gastritis, peptic ulcers, and stomach cancer. Here, we aimed to determine whether H. pylori strains with different virulence contribute to the gastrointestinal diseases differentially in clinical settings, which may provide future direction for eradication of H. pylori infection. Methods: We recruited 501 patients with gastrointestinal disorders for analysis of antibody types of H. pylori infection. Correlation analysis was done to determine the association of different virulence of H. pylori with patients’ baseline parameters and personal disease history. Next, subjects with each type of anti- H. pylori infection antibody were subjected to esophagogastro duodenoscopy（EGD) and colonoscopy examinations. The pathological diagnosis was also conducted in endoscopic samples. Chi-squared test was employed to compare the differences in endoscopic assessments and pathological findings among three types of H. pylori infection determined by the presence of antibodies to virulent factors. Results: There were 296 cases with Type I H. pylori infection, 120 cases with Type II H. pylori infection, and 85 cases without H. pylori infection (negative, Type III). No correlation was found between different virulence of H. pylori and participants’ baseline data (P > 0.05). EGD results showed that the incidences of peptic ulcer, bleeding and malignant lesions in Type I group were significantly higher than that in Type II and Type III (P＜0.05). Despite of increased trends of incidences of precancerous alterations and the malignance in Type I group compared with type II and III groups, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). In addition, coloscopic features were similar among three groups. On the other hand, infections of H. pylori with cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and/or vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) virulent factors resulted in more severe histopathological diseases than that with only Ure A/B factor and without infection (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Infections of H. pylori strains with CagA/VacA are likely to cause development of severe gastrointestinal diseases. These results are helpful to treat for H. pylori infection clinically.

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Epidemiology and role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors in gastric cancer carcinogenesis

Cited by 72 publications

References 129 publications

40 Years of Helicobacter pylori: A Revolution in Biomedical Thought

40 Years of Helicobacter pylori: A Revolution in Biomedical Thought

Clinical significance and prognostic value of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection in lung cancer

Effects of Infections of Helicobacter Pylori With Different Virulent Factors on Severity of Gastrointestinal Diseases

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