Epidemiology and Molecular Identification of Rotavirus Strains Associated With Gastroenteritis in Children in Niger State

Kuta, F.A.; Uba, A.; Nimzing, L; Damisa, D; Adabara, Nasiru Usman

doi:10.4314/njtr.v8i2.96701

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…A similar report was published from rural Ghana with P [4], P [6], and P [8] dominating all VP4 [25,23]. A study conducted in four locations of Niger State of Nigeria also reported a high rate of P [6] (22%) [15]. Very few mixed rotavirus infections were found in the study, as defined by more than one G and/or P-type, with only 2 (0.86%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Rotavirus Genotypes in Abuja, Nigeria

Balarabe-Musa

Dabo

2021

IJPR

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Introduction: Nigeria had planned to introduce the rotavirus vaccine in the National Immunisation Programme in 2014, but this has yet to be done. Nigeria has the continent's highest mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases with little information on specific, prevalent genotypes. Aim: The study's main objectives were to identify the predominant rotavirus genotypes and examine the effects of existing local vaccination programs on prevailing rotavirus genotypes and on preventing rotavirus diarrhoea. Methodology: A one-year prospective descriptive study of children under 5 with acute diarrhoea was conducted from June 2018 to May 2019. Children with acute diarrhoea attending Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja. Children without diarrhoea were also recruited as a control group. Rotavirus ELISA and RNA extraction were done with commercially available kits, and positive samples were subjected to RT-PCR and electrophoresis to determine VP7 (G) and VP4 (P) genotypes. Results: Rotavirus-ELISA was positive among 231 (17.8%) children with diarrhoea and 29 (2.2%) of controls, with November, December. The predominant VP7 genotypes was G1 (n=116, 50.2%) followed by G9 (n=66, 28.5%). Viral Protein, VP4 (P) was mostly P [8] (n=143, 74.8%) followed by P [4] (n=21, 10.9%). The predominant genotype combinations found were G1 P [8] (n=108, 46.7%), G9 P [8] (n=62, 26.8%), and G2 P [4] (n=18, 7.7%). Very few mixed infections were found in the study, 2 (0.8%). Among 94 unvaccinated children with rotavirus isolates that were genotyped, G1 P [8] (n=88, 49.4%) and G9 P [8] (n=43, 24.1%) were predominant. Among 32 vaccinated children, G1 P [8] (n=13, 40.2%) and G9 P [8] (n=9, 28.1%) were predominant. Conclusion: The emergence of new genotypes such as G 12 P [4] found in this study emphasize the need for continued prospective monitoring of rotavirus at the molecular level to detect new threats to vaccine programs in future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This is similar to several other studies published from Nigeria since the current study was commenced. A further study reported a high G1 proportion of 33% in four locations surveyed in Niger State [15]. A similar study from Kano State reported a similar finding, with G1 having a 35.0% [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Rotavirus Genotypes in Abuja, Nigeria

Balarabe-Musa

Dabo

2021

IJPR

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“…For example, a study in Oyo state reported 7.7% of diarrhoea cases to be Rotavirus positive [15], and in Edo state, 17.2% were Rotavirus positive [16]. A study in Osun state recorded 13.8% [17], while in Niger state, 5.3% prevalence of Rotavirus was reported in children with diarrhoea [18]. Other more recent studies showed similar findings, for example, a study from a state bordering Abuja in which were 18% of cases was Rotavirus positive [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Rotavirus Diarrhoea in Children under the Age of Five Years in FCT Abuja, Nigeria

Balarabe-Musa

Dabo

2021

IJPR

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Introduction: Diarrhoea is the second leading cause of death among children, and Nigeria has the continent's highest mortality with little information on the specific cause, proportion affected by Cryptosporidium and Rotavirus, and the prevalent genotypes for Rotavirus. Aim: To identify children with diarrhoea, in Abuja in the Federal Capital Territory; to estimate the proportion of children with Cryptosporidium and rotavirus diarrhoea. Study Design: One-year cross-sectional study of children under five years with acute diarrhea. Duration: The study was conducted in Abuja from June 2018 to May 2019. Methodology: Cryptosporidium and Rotavirus ELISA were done with commercially available kits. Results: Stool samples were collected from 1450 participants, of whom 1185 (81.7%) were ambulatory, 109 (7.5%) were hospitalized, and 156 (10.7%) were controls without diarrhoea. Cryptosporidium-ELISA was positive among 274 (21.1%) children with diarrhoea and 23 (1.7%) of children without diarrhoea, with August and September as peak months for infection. Rotavirus-ELISA was positive among 231 (17.8%) children with diarrhoea and 29 (2.2%) controls, with November, December, and January as peak months. Children of 12 to 17 months were most affected for both and Rotavirus (39.8%) and Cryptosporidium (37.2%). Conclusion: Cryptosporidium and Rotavirus are essential pathogens in children, especially among Rotavirus unvaccinated children in Abuja. Local and national infrastructure is inadequate for essential surveillance of diarrhoeal disease, and this will have to be improved, together with access to virological and parasitic stool testing, to monitor the planned vaccine program, especially for Rotavirus.

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