Epidemiology and clinical management of elbow joint disease in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK

O’Neill, Dan G.; Brodbelt, David; Hodge, Rebecca D.; Church, David; Meeson, Richard

doi:10.1186/s40575-020-0080-5

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Brachycephalic dogs were generally younger and lighter than the other three groups. The probability of the occurrence of many disorders in dogs is strongly associated with age and bodyweight; for example osteoarthritis, heart disease, lipoma, hyperadrenocorticism, urinary incontinence, dystocia, cruciate disease and patellar luxation 12,24,25,27,28,40,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58] . Confounders are defined as factors associated with both the risk factor and the outcome of interest but that are not on the causal pathway 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lymphoma 23 ), musculoskeletal (e.g. elbow joint disease 24 ) and degenerative disease (e.g. osteoarthritis 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible this approach may lead to false positive and false negative findings 26 . Many of the more recent VetCompass studies of canine health have highlighted the complexity underlying disorder risk, with variables such as age, bodyweight, neutering and insurance status commonly associated with disease risk factors in addition to breed effects 14 , 24 , 27 – 29 . As such, the secondary aim of the study was to compare the consistency of findings between univariable versus multivariable analyses to assist in gaining a deeper understanding of the reliability of univariable analyses for robust inference on factors related to dog health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unravelling the health status of brachycephalic dogs in the UK using multivariable analysis

O’Neill

Pegram

Crocker

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Brachycephalic dog breeds are regularly asserted as being less healthy than non-brachycephalic breeds. Using primary-care veterinary clinical data, this study aimed to identify predispositions and protections in brachycephalic dogs and explore differing inferences between univariable and multivariable results. All disorders during 2016 were extracted from a random sample of 22,333 dogs within the VetCompass Programme from a sampling frame of 955,554 dogs under UK veterinary care in 2016. Univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression modelling explored brachycephaly as a risk factor for each of a series of common disorders. Brachycephalic dogs were younger, lighter and less likely to be neutered than mesocephalic, dolichocephalic and crossbred dogs. Brachycephalic differed to non-brachycephalic types in their odds for 10/30 (33.33%) common disorders. Of these, brachycephalic types were predisposed for eight disorders and were protected for two disorders. Univariable and multivariable analyses generated differing inference for 11/30 (30.67%) disorders. This study provides strong evidence that brachycephalic breeds are generally less healthy than their non-brachycephalic counterparts. Results from studies that report only univariable methods should be treated with extreme caution due to potential confounding effects that have not been accounted for during univariable study design or analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lymphoma 23 ), musculoskeletal (e.g. elbow joint disease 24 ) and degenerative disease (e.g. osteoarthritis 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unravelling the health status of brachycephalic dogs in the UK using multivariable analysis

O’Neill

Pegram

Crocker

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Substantial variation in disorder risks between age strata was also reported using questionnaire health datactions to address these concerns [a collected on 43,005 dogs registered with the Kennel Club (KC) in the UK [ 40 ]. Other studies of specific disorders have also highlighted age, sex and neuter status as key risk factors to consider during evaluations for disorder occurrence [ 16 , 38 , 41 – 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of commonly diagnosed disorders in UK dogs under primary veterinary care: results and applications

et al. 2021

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Background Although dogs are a commonly owned companion animal in the UK, the species experiences many health problems that are predictable from demographic information. This study aimed to use anonymised veterinary clinical data from the VetCompass™ Programme to report the frequency of common disorders of dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK during 2016 and to explore effects associated with age, sex and neuter status. Results From an available population of 905,543 dogs under veterinary care at 886 veterinary clinics during 2016, the current study included a random sample of 22,333 (2.47 %) dogs from 784 clinics. Prevalence for each disorder was calculated at the most refined level of diagnostic certainty (precise-level precision) and after grouping to a more general level of diagnostic precision (grouped-level precision). The most prevalent precise-level precision disorders recorded were periodontal disease (prevalence 12.52 %, 95 % CI: 12.09–12.97), otitis externa (7.30 %, 95 % CI: 6.97–7.65) and obesity (7.07 %, 95 % CI: 6.74–7.42). The most prevalent grouped-level disorders were dental disorder (14.10 %, 95 % CI: 13.64–14.56), skin disorder (12.58 %, 95 % CI: 12.15–13.02) and enteropathy (10.43 %, 95 % CI: 10.04–10.84). Associations were identified for many common disorders with age, sex and neuter. Conclusions The overall findings can assist veterinarians and owners to prioritise preventive care and to understand demographic risk factors in order to facilitate earlier diagnosis of common disorders in dogs. The information on associations with age, sex and neuter status provides additional contextual background to the complexity of disorder occurrence and supports targeted health controls for demographic subsets of dogs.

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“…Autoimmune process is thought to play a potentially important role in the etiopathology of canine diabetes [ 28 , 29 ], and therefore, it should be observed in tear film by proteins related to inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Tear Film Obtained from Diabetic Dogs

Winiarczyk

et al. 2020

Animals

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Canine diabetes mellitus is a significant health burden, followed with numerous systemic complications, including diabetic cataracts and retinopathy, leading to blindness. Diabetes should be considered as a disease damaging all the body organs, including gastrointestinal tract, through a complex combination of vascular and metabolic pathologies, leading to impaired gut function. Tear film can be obtained in a non-invasive way, which makes it a feasible biomarker source. In this study we compared proteomic changes ongoing in tear film of diabetic dogs. The study group consisted of 15 diabetic dogs, and 13 dogs served as a control group. After obtaining tear film with Schirmer strips, we performed 2-dimensional electrophoresis, followed by Delta2D software analysis, which allowed to select statistically significant differentially expressed proteins. After their identification with MALDI-TOF (matrix assisted laser desorption and ionisation time of flight) spectrometry we found one up-regulated protein in tear film of diabetic dogs—SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1 (SRCIN1). Eight proteins were down-regulated: phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase type 2 alpha (PI4KIIα), Pro-melanin concentrating hormone (Pro-MCH), Flotillin-1, Protein mono-ADP ribosyltransferase, GRIP and coiled coil domain containing protein 2, tetratricopeptide repeat protein 36, serpin, and Prelamin A/C. Identified proteins were analyzed by Panther Gene Ontology software, and their possible connections with diabetic etiopathology were discussed. We believe that this is the first study to target tear film proteome in canine diabetes. We believe that combined with traditional examination, the tear film proteomic analysis can be a new source of biomarkers both for clinical practice, and experimental research.

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Epidemiology and clinical management of elbow joint disease in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

Unravelling the health status of brachycephalic dogs in the UK using multivariable analysis

Unravelling the health status of brachycephalic dogs in the UK using multivariable analysis

Prevalence of commonly diagnosed disorders in UK dogs under primary veterinary care: results and applications

Proteomic Analysis of Tear Film Obtained from Diabetic Dogs

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