Epidémiologie et prise en charge des infections du per-partum à la maternité du centre hospitalier départemental de l’Ouémé-Plateau au Bénin

Saizonou, Jacques; Ouédraogo, Laurent; Paraïso, Moussiliou Noël; Ayelo, Paul; Kpozéhouen, Alphonse; Daraté, René; Traoré, Esther Mah Alima

doi:10.11604/pamj.2014.17.89.2857

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Likewise, the average yields in Mali (955 kg/ha) are not too far from the national average (1,003 kg/ha) in 2008/09 (CMDT, 2009). In Benin, the average yields (1,073 kg/ha) are a bit higher than in the other two countries, and consistent with national average yields ranging from 1,050 to 1,250 kg/ha (Saizonou, 2008). Over half of the interviewed West African farmers hire non-family labour to work on their cotton fields.…”

Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 67%

“…These institutional reforms, albeit taking place in different periods (mid-1990s in Burkina Faso, early 2000s in Mali and mid-2000s in Benin) invariably involved the transformation of village-wide, multi-purpose associations into cotton producer formal cooperatives, 3 The new gins are Faso Coton and Sonoma in Burkina Faso and SOCOBE, ICB, CCB, IBECO, LCB, SEIBC, MCI and SODICOT in Benin. Note that one private stakeholder manages 16 gins out 19 nationwide in Benin (Saizonou, 2008). established within a new legal framework (Serra, 2012a).…”

Section: Institutional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Benin, the government has remained the provider of research and development activities as well as technical support and advice to farmers. However, the Benin Cotton Interprofession became more involved in the mid-2000s by recruiting additional extension agents in the cotton production areas (Saizonou, 2008;Yerima and Affo, 2009). In Benin as in Mali, access to quality extension services for cotton farmers remains a challenge.…”

Section: Institutional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Institutional Environment and Technical Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Cotton Producers in West Africa

Thériault¹,

Serra²

2014

J Agricultural Economics

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This paper examines the effects of the institutional environment on West African cotton farmers' technical efficiency (TE). First, key aspects of the cotton sector institutional environment are discussed, including input and credit access, and producers' organisations. Then, a stochastic frontier production function, which incorporates technical inefficiency effects, is applied to farm level data collected in Benin, Burkina Faso and Mali. The survey includes farmers' evaluations of the cotton sector institutional environment. Results suggest that institutional level features influence producers' TE, besides farm-level characteristics. Cotton growers who report a negative experience with the joint liability programme, who identify the cotton price mechanism or access to credit as the main constraints to performance, and who cultivate more hectares of cereals are technically more inefficient in producing cotton. Findings suggest that cotton farmers in Mali are less technically efficient in producing cotton than in Burkina Faso and Benin. Agricultural development policies focusing on reducing farmers' financial stress, particularly through the establishment of adequate price mechanisms (i.e. higher farm-gate prices and timely payments to farmers) and improvement in the input-credit markets should be encouraged to improve TE in West Africa.

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Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Institutional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Institutional Environment and Technical Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Cotton Producers in West Africa

Thériault¹,

Serra²

2014

J Agricultural Economics

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“…Common reasons for exclusions were ineligible types of publication (N = 493) or for which the study involved only a subgroup of high-risk women (N = 405), e.g., cesarean deliveries only. Most included papers were in English, with six in Chinese [26–31], four in Spanish [32–35], four in Portuguese [36–39], three in French [40–42], and one each in Bulgarian [43], Bosnian [44], and Romanian [45]. Twenty-seven studies reported chorioamnionitis, 38 reported endometritis, 28 reported wound infection, 27 reported sepsis, and 28 reported maternal peripartum infection (S2 Table–S6 Table).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of maternal peripartum infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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BackgroundInfection is an important, preventable cause of maternal morbidity, and pregnancy-related sepsis accounts for 11% of maternal deaths. However, frequency of maternal infection is poorly described, and, to our knowledge, it remains the one major cause of maternal mortality without a systematic review of incidence. Our objective was to estimate the average global incidence of maternal peripartum infection.Methods and findingsWe searched Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, and five other databases from January 2005 to June 2016 (PROSPERO: CRD42017074591). Specific outcomes comprised chorioamnionitis in labour, puerperal endometritis, wound infection following cesarean section or perineal trauma, and sepsis occurring from onset of labour until 42 days postpartum. We assessed studies irrespective of language or study design. We excluded conference abstracts, studies of high-risk women, and data collected before 1990. Three reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and appraised quality. Quality criteria for incidence/prevalence studies were adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute. We used random-effects models to obtain weighted pooled estimates of incidence risk for each outcome and metaregression to identify study-level characteristics affecting incidence. From 31,528 potentially relevant articles, we included 111 studies of infection in women in labour or postpartum from 46 countries. Four studies were randomised controlled trials, two were before–after intervention studies, and the remainder were observational cohort or cross-sectional studies. The pooled incidence in high-quality studies was 3.9% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.8%–6.8%) for chorioamnionitis, 1.6% (95% CI 0.9%–2.5%) for endometritis, 1.2% (95% CI 1.0%–1.5%) for wound infection, 0.05% (95% CI 0.03%–0.07%) for sepsis, and 1.1% (95% CI 0.3%–2.4%) for maternal peripartum infection. 19% of studies met all quality criteria. There were few data from developing countries and marked heterogeneity in study designs and infection definitions, limiting the interpretation of these estimates as measures of global infection incidence. A limitation of this review is the inclusion of studies that were facility-based or restricted to low-risk groups of women.ConclusionsIn this study, we observed pooled infection estimates of almost 4% in labour and between 1%–2% of each infection outcome postpartum. This indicates maternal peripartum infection is an important complication of childbirth and that preventive efforts should be increased in light of antimicrobial resistance. Incidence risk appears lower than modelled global estimates, although differences in definitions limit comparability. Better-quality research, using standard definitions, is required to improve comparability between study settings and to demonstrate the influence of risk factors and protective interventions.

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“…3 Other studies have reported CS related SSI risks of 9.1% in Nigeria in 2001 and 2002, 7.2% in Cameroon in 2012, and 5.9% in Benin in 2009 and 2010. 4-6 SSIs following CS may result in a higher risk of maternal morbidity or mortality, and additional financial and hospital resources related to longer hospital stays and higher treatment costs. 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of and factors associated with cesarean section related surgical site infections in Guinea

Délamou

Camara²,

Sidibé

et al. 2019

J Public Health Afr

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Since the adoption of free obstetric care policy in Guinea in 2011, no study has examined the surgical site infections in maternity facilities. The objective of this study was to assess the trends of and factors associated with surgical site infection following cesarean section in Guinean maternity facilities from 2013 to 2015. This was a retrospective cohort study using routine medical data from ten facilities. Overall, the incidence of surgical site infections following cesarean section showed a declining trend across the three periods (10% in 2013, 7% in 2014 and 5% in 2015, P<0.001). Women who underwent cesarean section in 2014 (AOR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.57-0.84) and 2015 (AOR: 0.43; 95%CI: 0.34-0.55) were less likely to develop surgical site infections during hospital stay than women operated in 2013. In the contrary, women with comorbidities were more likely to experience surgical site infection (AOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.25-1.90) than those who did not have comorbidities. The reductions achieved in 2014 and 2015 (during the Ebola outbreak) should be sustained in the post-Ebola context.

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Epidémiologie et prise en charge des infections du per-partum à la maternité du centre hospitalier départemental de l’Ouémé-Plateau au Bénin

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Institutional Environment and Technical Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Cotton Producers in West Africa

Institutional Environment and Technical Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Cotton Producers in West Africa

Incidence of maternal peripartum infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Trends of and factors associated with cesarean section related surgical site infections in Guinea

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