Epidemiological Survey of Allergic Rhinitis in Japan 2019

篤, 松原; 雅文, 坂下; 穣, 後藤; 佳代子, 川島; 伴和, 松岡; 悟, 近藤; 武千代, 山田; 幸夫, 竹野; 万彦, 竹内; 充佳, 浦島; 重治, 藤枝; 公裕, 大久保

doi:10.3950/jibiinkoka.123.485

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AR was estimated to affect 49.2% of the Japanese population in a 2019 epidemiological study [ 15 ]. In particular, the prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP) showed a marked increase from 16.2% in 1998 to 38.8% in 2019 [ 15 ]. Th2 cells and ILC2s produce type 2 cytokines and are important inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of AR [ 16 ], and B cells also play crucial roles by producing antigen-specific IgE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory roles of interleukin-35 in the pathogenesis of Japanese cedar pollinosis

Kouzaki

Arai

Nakamura

et al. 2021

Asia Pacific Allergy

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Background Interleukin (IL)-35 has been recently identified as an anti-inflammatory cytokine in allergic inflammation. However, its biological role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis has not been fully elucidated. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of IL-35 in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis in patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP). Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from healthy controls and JCP patients during the off-season for pollen. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with Cry j 1, a major allergen of Japanese cedar pollen and production of IL-5, IL-13, and IL-35 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Th2 (CD4 + ST2 + ) cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of JCP patients, and the inhibitory effects of IL-35 on cell differentiation, proliferation and mRNA expression of IL-5, IL-13, and GATA3 were examined. B cells were also isolated and the effects of IL-35 on total IgE production were examined. Results Cry j 1-induced production of IL-5 and IL-13 was significantly increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from JCP patients, whereas Cry j 1-induced IL-35 production was significantly decreased compared with healthy controls. IL-35 significantly inhibited Th2 cell differentiation, group 2 innate lymphoid cell proliferation, and mRNA expression of IL-5, IL-13, and GATA3 in Th2 cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells. IL-35 also inhibited IgE production from B cells. Conclusion IL-35 is an important anti-inflammatory cytokine in JCP, and its biological roles include the downregulation of Th2 cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells, and the inhibition of IgE production from B cells. These findings demonstrate that IL-35 may have the potential to exert anti-allergic effects for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory roles of interleukin-35 in the pathogenesis of Japanese cedar pollinosis

Kouzaki

Arai

Nakamura

et al. 2021

Asia Pacific Allergy

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“…Third, since our study predominantly includes young males with high prevalence of allergic diseases (83%), it may be difficult to extrapolate our result to the healthy adult population in a generalized manner. However, a recent report suggests a high prevalence of allergic diseases (approximately 50%, predominantly allergic rhinitis) in the Japanese population [ 23 ]. Therefore, we believe that our study subjects are not distinct outliers, and in fact may be a rough representation of the Japanese population with respect to allergic diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-Rich Barley Increases Butyric Acid-Producing Bacteria in the Human Gut Microbiota

Akagawa

Nakai

et al. 2021

Metabolites

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Butyric acid produced in the intestine by butyric acid-producing bacteria (BAPB) is known to suppress excessive inflammatory response and may prevent chronic disease development. We evaluated whether fiber-rich barley intake increases BAPB in the gut and concomitantly butyric acid in feces. Eighteen healthy adults received granola containing functional barley (BARLEYmax®) once daily for four weeks. Fecal DNA before intake, after intake, and one month after intake was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess microbial diversity, microbial composition at the order level, and the proportion of BAPB. Fecal butyric acid concentration was also measured. There were no significant differences in diversities and microbial composition between samples. The proportion of BAPB increased significantly after the intake (from 5.9% to 8.2%). However, one month after stopping the intake, the proportion of BAPB returned to the original value (5.4%). Fecal butyric acid concentration increased significantly from 0.99 mg/g feces before intake to 1.43 mg/g after intake (p = 0.028), which decreased significantly to 0.87 mg/g after stopping intake (p = 0.008). As BAPB produce butyric acid by degrading dietary fiber, functional barley may act as a prebiotic, increasing BAPB and consequently butyric acid in the intestine.

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“…2 In Japan, the prevalence of cedar pollinosis (CP) was 16.2% in 1998, 26.5% in 2008, and 38.8% in 2019; a sharp increase in prevalence has been observed over the years. 3,4 Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. 5 The relationship between epigenomics and allergy has been widely discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 In Japan, the prevalence of cedar pollinosis (CP) was 16.2% in 1998, 26.5% in 2008, and 38.8% in 2019; a sharp increase in prevalence has been observed over the years. 3,4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPCAT2 Methylation, a Novel Biomarker for the Severity of Cedar Pollen Allergic Rhinitis in Japan

Watanabe

Miyake

Matsuoka

et al. 2020

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Background Recently, the role of the epigenome in allergies has been receiving increasing attention. Although several genes that are methylated in relation to serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration have been reported by epigenome-wide association studies, little is known about the DNA methylation sites associated with the symptoms and severity of cedar pollinosis (CP). Objective Our aim was to analyze the association between DNA methylation and the symptoms and severity of CP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and nasal mucosa scraping cells (NMSCs). Methods We recruited 70 participants during the cedar pollen dispersal season. IgE levels were measured by a fluorescence enzyme immunoassay. We analyzed DNA methylation of acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 ( ACOT7), mucin 4 ( MUC4), schlafen 12 ( SLFN12), lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 ( LPCAT2), and interleukin-4 ( IL4) in PBMCs and NMSCs using bisulfite next-generation sequencing; the correlation of DNA methylation with non-specific IgE and cedar pollen-specific IgE levels in peripheral blood samples was also investigated. Symptom severity and DNA methylation were investigated in 15 untreated CP patients. Results Non-specific IgE levels showed a significant negative correlation with average IL4 methylation in PBMCs (r = −0.46, P < 0.0001) but not with methylation of ACOT7, MUC4, SLFN12, and LPCAT2. Cedar pollen-specific IgE levels showed a significant negative correlation with average IL4 and MUC4 methylation in PBMCs (r = −0.31, P = 0.01 and r = −0.241, P = 0.046, respectively) but not with methylation of ACOT7, SLFN12, and LPCAT2. The methylation of some genes in NMSCs was not significantly correlated with IgE levels. The mean methylation of LPCAT2 in NMSCs showed a decreasing trend with increasing severity of CP (P = 0.027). Conclusion LPCAT2 methylation in NMSCs may reflect the severity of CP and could be used as a novel biomarker to identify suitable treatment options for CP.

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Epidemiological Survey of Allergic Rhinitis in Japan 2019

Cited by 48 publications

References 1 publication

Anti-inflammatory roles of interleukin-35 in the pathogenesis of Japanese cedar pollinosis

Anti-inflammatory roles of interleukin-35 in the pathogenesis of Japanese cedar pollinosis

Fiber-Rich Barley Increases Butyric Acid-Producing Bacteria in the Human Gut Microbiota

LPCAT2 Methylation, a Novel Biomarker for the Severity of Cedar Pollen Allergic Rhinitis in Japan

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