Epidemiological study of canine parvovirus infection in and around Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Abstract

Aim:An epidemiological study of canine parvovirus infection in dogs in and around Bhubaneswar, Odisha was conducted between December 2012 to March 2013 and prevalence rate was studied on the basis of age, breed, and sex.Materials and Methods:A total of 71 fecal samples from suspected diarrheic dogs were collected in sterile phosphate buffer saline (10% W/V) and examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of canine parvo virus infection, followed by epidemiological study in relation to age, breed, and sex.Results:Of 71 samples analyzed, 29 (40.85%) were found to be positive by PCR assay. The infection was higher in Deshi/local breeds (34.48%), followed by German shepherd (17.24%), equal incidences in mixed and Labrador retriever (10.34%), Rottweiler and German spitz showed 6.90% each and finally lower incidences in four breeds (3.45%) such as Dalmatians, Nea politan mastiff, Pug and Great Dane. Age-wise prevalence study revealed the infection being more in the age group of 3-6 months (41.37%), followed by equal incidences of 27.59% in 1-3 months and 6-12 months age group, and a low incidence in age groups above 12 months (3.45%). The incidence was predominantly higher in males (86.21%) than females (13.79%).Conclusions:The epidemiological analysis revealed that the breed wise prevalence was found to be more in Deshi breeds as compared to others, age groups below 6 months were found to be more prone to parvovirus infection and males were mostly infected.

A Comparative Study on Canine Parvovirus Infection of Dog in Bangladesh and India

“…The result is an agreement with other reports that prevalence of canine parvovirus infection in street Dogs, at Mymensingh metropolitan City, in Bangladesh was 30.0% (Islam et al, 2014).Overall prevalence of CPV infection in suspected dogs in VCRI-MVC, India was 42.1%. Similar findings were reported previously where prevalence was 40.8% (Behera et al, 2015). Prevalence of CPV infection is higher in India than Bangladesh .This might be occur due to presence of endemic infection in the population under study at VCRI-MVC in India.…”

“…It is a non-enveloped having a single stranded DNA genome belonging to the family Parvoviridae (Aappel et al, 1978) CPV is genetically and antigenically unrelated to Canine Minute Virus (CnMV), formerly known as canine parvovirus type 1 (CPV-1), which is responsible for neonatal death in dogs (Tattersall et al, 2005). Dogs of all age groups may be infected but puppies of 3 month of age are highly susceptible than adults (Behera et al, 2015). This virus causes high morbidity (100%) and frequent mortality up to 10% in adult dogs and 91% in pups (Aappel et al, 1978).…”

Clinico-epidemiological investigation of feline panleukopenia and parvoviral enteritis in the two largest pet hospitals in Bangladesh

“…Younger dogs were more commonly affected by PVE in the present study, supported by many earlier studies [ 1 , 3 , 7 , 8 ]. Due to the changes in diet and intestinal bacterial flora after weaning, puppies have a higher mitotic index in intestinal crypt cells.…”

“…Dogs affected by CPV are usually characterized with fever, anorexia, lethargy, depression, vomiting, mucoid to hemorrhagic diarrhea, and sometimes leukopenia [ 18 ]. Significant factors associated with CPV disease worldwide include being younger than 5 months old, male, breeds such as Alsatians, Mongrels, Rottweiler, and indigenous dogs, non-vaccinated, and dry season [ 1 , 3 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Incidence of Canine Parvo Virus-2 with Ancylostomosis and Complication by E. coli in a Young Pup

“…Then supernatant (500 μl) collected in a 2 ml collection tube was boiled for 10 min at 100°C to inactivate the PCR inhibitors and chilled on ice. After boiling the sample was centrifuged at 1500 xg for 5 min and the collected supernatant was used as a source of DNA template for the VP2 gene of CPV-2 (Behera et al, 2015). The lysate was stored at −20°C until further use.…”