Epidemiological situation of vesicular stomatitis virus infection in cattle in the state of Paraíba, semiarid region of Brazil

Detection of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) seroreactive for vesicular stomatitis virus in the state of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

“…All seroreactive animals in this study came from the same herd, located in the municipality of Santa Helena, mesoregion of Sertão paraibano (currently the Sousa-Cajazeiras intermediate region). These results corroborate with data from the epidemiological characterization of VSIV-3 in cattle in the state of Paraíba (BEZERRA et al, 2018), where 38.5% of the herds sampled in the state were seropositive to VSIV-3, and the herdlevel and animal-level prevalence in Sertão were 80.6% and 48.2%, respectively. In addition, two spatial clusters of positive herds were identified in this region.…”

“…Lunkes et al (2016) investigated the presence of VSIV-3 antibodies in horses from the South, Central West, and Northeast regions, with higher seropositivity in the Northeast region (87.3% in Ceará, 65.7% in Rio Grande do Norte, and 45.4% in Paraíba, respectively). In a study carried out in the state of Paraíba, using a planned sampling of animals and properties in the bovine population, 38.5% of the herds were seropositive for VSIV-3, and of these 80.6% belonged to the Sertão mesoregion, in which two spatial agglomerates of positive properties were identified (BEZERRA et al, 2018). To date there are no reports of VSIV-3 circulation in the buffalo population in Northeastern Brazil.…”

Vesicular stomatitis due to Indiana III (Alagoas/VSIV-3) is endemic in Brazilian state of Ceará

“…Our positive results for VSV may be related to the outbreaks described in the states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, with the State of Ceará bordering these two states (CARGNELUTTI et al, 2014, BEZERRA et al, 2018. The results supports the opinion that VS is endemic in Northeast of Brazil (DE STEFANO et al, 2003) who reported seropositivity for Indiana I in 2.5% (28/1099) of cattle tested for VS in São Paulo; although, with the absence of clinical symptoms of vesicular diseases in this animal.…”

“…Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection in animals and humans occurs due to the presence of VSV, order Mononegavirales, family Rhabdoviridae, and genus Vesiculovirus, which is classified into 2 serogroups: New Jersey (NJ) virus, which is exotic in Brazil, and Indiana virus, which is present in Brazil and subdivided into the following 3 subtypes: Indiana I virus (Classical, VSIV-1), Indiana II virus (Cocal, VSIV-2), and Indiana III virus (Alagoas, VSIV-3) (BEZERRA et al, 2018). These Vesiculovirus infections are clinically similar to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and should be distinguished in the susceptible species, as it restricts the trade and transit of animals until the presence of definitive confirmation by official laboratories (MAPA, 2009).…”

“…According to the official data, several suspected cases are attributed to other infectious or noninfectious causes; on the contrary, the underreporting of VSV probably also occurs, contributing to an incomplete knowledge of the actual epidemiological situation (CARGNELUTTI et al, 2014). Indiana III has been detected recently in Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte (CARGNELUTTI et al, 2014;BEZERRA et al, 2018), neighboring states that border the State of Ceará, indicating that this region is endemic for VSIV-3.…”