Epidemiological investigation and successful management of a Burkholderia cepacia outbreak in a neurotrauma intensive care unit

Abstract

Objective: The detailed epidemiological and molecular characterization of an outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia at a neurotrauma intensive care unit of a level 1 trauma centre is described. The stringent infection control interventions taken to successfully curb this outbreak are emphasized. Methods: The clinical and microbiological data for those patients who had more than one blood culture that grew B. cepacia were reviewed. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using automated Vitek 2 systems. Prospective surveillance, environmental sampling, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed for extensive source tracking. Intensive infection control measures were taken to further control the hospital spread. Results: Out of a total 48 patients with B. cepacia bacteraemia, 15 (31%) had central line-associated blood stream infections. Two hundred and thirty-one environmental samples were collected and screened, and only two water samples grew B. cepacia with similar phenotypic characteristics. The clinical strains characterized by MLST typing were clonal. However, isolates from the water represented a novel strain type (ST-1289). Intensive terminal cleaning, disinfection of the water supply, and the augmentation of infection control activities were done to curb the outbreak. A subsequent reduction in bacteraemia cases was observed. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy, along with the rigorous implementation of essential hospital infection control practices is required for successful containment of this pathogen and to curb such an outbreak.

Network Water Quality at a Hospital Center in Morocco: Bacteriological Survey and Relationship with Human Health

“…Regarding Burkholdria cepacia, it is resistant to penicillin (Amoxicillne + Clavulanic Acid, amoxicilline), cephalosporin (Ceftazidime, Cefalotine), β-lactamine (Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefoxitine, Oxacilline), Fusidamine, Macrolide, lincosamide TEC. These results are similar with another study concerning resistance to Ceftriaxone but contradictory for sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin [Rastogi et al, 2019].…”

Identification of Live and Dead Bacteria: A Raman Spectroscopic Study

“…Similarly, there is need to differentiate between dead and live bacteria after processes intended to sterilize lifesaving fluids or surgical equipment [31] including products intended for ingestion [32], [33]. In addition, the same determination is critical in supplying certain blood components for intravenous use [34], [35] and differentiate between live and dead bacteria in environmental samples as a means of tracking or even preventing the spread of an infectious agent [36], [37]. These examples have been done by a variety of processes and techniques that are aimed, primarily, at detecting bacterial growth.…”

Preventing the cross‐border spread of zoonotic diseases: Multisectoral community engagement to characterize animal mobility—Uganda, 2020

“…Anthrax and RVF were mentioned most frequently, which correlates with notable outbreaks in Uganda since 2017, including the anthrax hippopotamus outbreak, and RVF outbreaks in multiple districts (Cossaboom et al., 2019 ; Kisaakye et al., 2018 ; Nyakarahura et al., 2019 ). Of interest, brucellosis was the third most mentioned disease, but although it is a disease of concern to abattoir workers, it was not mentioned by either abattoir stakeholder group.…”