Epidemiological characteristics of children with coronavirus at a joint commission-accredited hospital in the United Arab Emirates

Mansoori, Latifa Al; Kaabi, Salwa Al; Nair, Satish Chandrasekhar; Katheeri, Manal Al; Ghatasheh, Ghassan; Dhanhani, Huda Al; Kaabi, Aysha Al

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2161_20

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The frequency of pediatric COVID-19 increased to 19.0% as of 7 April 2022 in the US [ 45 ]. Moreover, this study found a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among female pediatric patients than males (38% (95% CI: 24–53%)), contrary to other studies which reported male dominance, such as Al Mansoori et al (50.3%) [ 46 ], Dong Y et al (56.6%) [ 47 ], and Armin S et al(59.4%) [ 48 ]. The mean age of our population was 9.83 years while other studies reported a mean of 5.3 years [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children

et al. 2022

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Background Several individual studies from specific countries have reported rising numbers of pediatric COVID-19 cases with inconsistent reports on the clinical symptoms including respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms as well as diverse reports on the mean age and household exposure in children. The epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children are not fully understood, hence, comprehensive meta-analyses are needed to provide a better understanding of these characteristics. Methods This review was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science, and published reports on COVID-19 in children. Data were extracted by two independent researchers and a third researcher resolved disputes. STATA software and the random-effect model were used in the synthesis of our data. For each model, the heterogeneity between studies was estimated using the Q Cochrane test. Heterogeneity and publication bias were calculated using the I2 statistic and Egger’s/Begg’s tests. Results The qualitative systematic review was performed on 32 articles. Furthermore, the meta-analysis estimated an overall rate of involvement at 12% (95% CI: 9–15%) among children, with an I2 of 98.36%. The proportion of household exposure was calculated to be 50.99% (95% CI: 20.80%–80.80%) and the proportion of admitted cases was calculated to be 45% (95% CI: 24%–67%). Additionally, the prevalence of cough, fatigue, fever and dyspnea was calculated to be 25% (95% CI: 0.16–0.36), 9% (95% CI: 0.03–0.18), 33% (95% CI: 0.21–0.47) and 9% (95% CI: 0.04–0.15), respectively. It is estimated that 4% (95% CI: 1–8%) of cases required intensive care unit admission. Conclusions The pediatric clinical picture of COVID-19 is not simply a classic respiratory infection, but unusual presentations have been reported. Given the high incidence of household transmission and atypical clinical presentation in children, we strongly recommend their inclusion in research and population-based preventive measures like vaccination as well as clinical trials to ensure efficacy, safety, and tolerability in this age group.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Such variations may emanate from differences in study population and location. However, our population had a median age of 7 years, with a range from birth to 16 years, which was similar to previous studies [ 46 , 47 ], indicating that children of all ages may be susceptible to COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children

et al. 2022

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“…Among these, two articles were preprint versions [64,89]. There were 57 cohort [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]17,31,32,[34][35][36][37]39,41,42,44,49,53,58,66,69,71,73,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84]89,90,95,98,99,102,105,108,109,115,116,118,119,123,125,127,…”

Section: Study Characteristics and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only four studies were conducted within multiple countries (n = 4) [53,109,118,127]. The majority of the studies were single-center [4,6,[11][12][13][14][15][16]18,19,[21][22][23][32][33][34][35][38][39][40][41][43][44][45][46][48][49][50][51][52][55][56][57][59][60][61][62][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][72][73][74][75]…”

Section: Study Characteristics and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Coinfections with Bacteria, Fungi, and Respiratory Viruses in Children with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alhumaid

Alabdulqader

Dossary³

et al. 2022

TropicalMed

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Background: Coinfection with bacteria, fungi, and respiratory viruses has been described as a factor associated with more severe clinical outcomes in children with COVID-19. Such coinfections in children with COVID-19 have been reported to increase morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To identify the type and proportion of coinfections with SARS-CoV-2 and bacteria, fungi, and/or respiratory viruses, and investigate the severity of COVID-19 in children. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched ProQuest, Medline, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus, and Nature through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for studies on the incidence of COVID-19 in children with bacterial, fungal, and/or respiratory coinfections, published from 1 December 2019 to 1 October 2022, with English language restriction. Results: Of the 169 papers that were identified, 130 articles were included in the systematic review (57 cohort, 52 case report, and 21 case series studies) and 34 articles (23 cohort, eight case series, and three case report studies) were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 17,588 COVID-19 children who were tested for co-pathogens, bacterial, fungal, and/or respiratory viral coinfections were reported (n = 1633, 9.3%). The median patient age ranged from 1.4 months to 144 months across studies. There was an increased male predominance in pediatric COVID-19 patients diagnosed with bacterial, fungal, and/or viral coinfections in most of the studies (male gender: n = 204, 59.1% compared to female gender: n = 141, 40.9%). The majority of the cases belonged to White (Caucasian) (n = 441, 53.3%), Asian (n = 205, 24.8%), Indian (n = 71, 8.6%), and Black (n = 51, 6.2%) ethnicities. The overall pooled proportions of children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who had bacterial, fungal, and respiratory viral coinfections were 4.73% (95% CI 3.86 to 5.60, n = 445, 34 studies, I2 85%, p < 0.01), 0.98% (95% CI 0.13 to 1.83, n = 17, six studies, I2 49%, p < 0.08), and 5.41% (95% CI 4.48 to 6.34, n = 441, 32 studies, I2 87%, p < 0.01), respectively. Children with COVID-19 in the ICU had higher coinfections compared to ICU and non-ICU patients, as follows: respiratory viral (6.61%, 95% CI 5.06–8.17, I2 = 0% versus 5.31%, 95% CI 4.31–6.30, I2 = 88%) and fungal (1.72%, 95% CI 0.45–2.99, I2 = 0% versus 0.62%, 95% CI 0.00–1.55, I2 = 54%); however, COVID-19 children admitted to the ICU had a lower bacterial coinfection compared to the COVID-19 children in the ICU and non-ICU group (3.02%, 95% CI 1.70–4.34, I2 = 0% versus 4.91%, 95% CI 3.97–5.84, I2 = 87%). The most common identified virus and bacterium in children with COVID-19 were RSV (n = 342, 31.4%) and Mycoplasma pneumonia (n = 120, 23.1%). Conclusion: Children with COVID-19 seem to have distinctly lower rates of bacterial, fungal, and/or respiratory viral coinfections than adults. RSV and Mycoplasma pneumonia were the most common identified virus and bacterium in children infected with SARS-CoV-2. Knowledge of bacterial, fungal, and/or respiratory viral confections has potential diagnostic and treatment implications in COVID-19 children.

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“…This is one of the retrospective studies in SA on the clinical features of pediatric patients with COVID-19. Studies published in late 2020 and 2021 were conducted in the SA and Gulf regions ( 5 , 15 , 22 – 24 ). However, three previous retrospective studies were published early in 2021: one retrospective study included 62 children from a single center in Jeddah, SA ( 25 ), the other conducted in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh included 742 pediatric inpatients and outpatients ( 6 ), and the last one conducted in three tertiary academic hospitals in SA enrolled 88 hospitalized children, the majority of whom had mild to moderate diseases ( 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, Management, and Outcome of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children at a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundNumerous studies worldwide have reported COVID-19 in children; however, the clinical symptoms and consequences of COVID-19 in children have only been reported in a few studies in Saudi and gulf region. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in children and the therapeutic interventions used.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 96 patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection aged ≤14 years who were admitted to a tertiary governmental care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between March 2020 and November 2020. Data on children with COVID-19, including demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, imaging and laboratory results, therapies, and clinical outcomes, were analyzed.ResultsOf 96 children admitted with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, 63.8% were aged ≤ 3 years, 52.1% were male, 56.2% had an unknown source of infection, and 51% had no comorbidities. Most cases had severe infection (71.88%) as they required oxygen, 10.42% of whom were critical. The most common symptoms were respiratory-related (98%), and the common physical sign was fever (49%). High D-dimer (90.7%) and C-reactive protein (72.09%) levels were found in most cases. Oxygen (71.88%) was the most commonly used treatment. Most patients were discharged home and fully recovered (97.92%). We reported two deaths (2.08%).ConclusionsOur findings showed that the majority of the admitted children with COVID-19 were ≤3 years of age (52.1%) and infected with an unknown source (56.2%). Moreover, the majority of the cases had severe COVID-19 infection as they required oxygen (71.88%), although they had favorable outcomes. However, some cases were critical and resulted in death. Future studies will be crucial to better understand the disease spectrum and potential therapeutic options for COVID-19 in children.

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Epidemiological characteristics of children with coronavirus at a joint commission-accredited hospital in the United Arab Emirates

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children

Global Coinfections with Bacteria, Fungi, and Respiratory Viruses in Children with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, Management, and Outcome of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children at a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

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