Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, Management, and Outcome of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children at a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

AlMayouf, AbdulAziz; Alshahrani, Dayel; AlGhain, Salwan; Alfaraj, Sarah H.; Bashawri, Yara; AlFawaz, Tariq; AlDosari, Egab; Alawdah, Laila; Alshehri, Mohammed; AlGoraini, Yara

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.865441

“…The most common clinical presentation is fever, cough, sore throat, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise, or croup [3,4]. In a retrospective study from Saudi Arabia, fever and respiratory symptoms were reported as the most common clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children [5]. Also, a survey conducted in northern Sierra Leone stated that most children were asymptomatic.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in Children: A Review of Epidemiology, Mode of Transmission, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management

Manali Ulhas

2023

Int J Pediatr Res

0

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COVID-19 disease is a primarily respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmitted by inhaling infected droplets. The primary animal reservoir for the coronavirus virus is the bat. For this review, we searched PubMed on April 30, 2023, with the search strategy: "COVID-19" OR "Coronavirus" AND "Children" AND "Clinical symptoms" AND "Diagnosis" AND "Management." We got 19 search results, including all types of the studies like narrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, observational studies, and randomized control trials. We included 11 studies in this review after exclusion of some of these studies. Delta variant transmission has mean incubation of 4.3 days, whereas the Alpha and Beta variant has an incubation period of 5 days. Furthermore, Omicron has a mean incubation period of 3-4 days. Hence the incubation period depends on the variant of the virus. Although primarily asymptomatic, the clinical features in children are fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise. Those with comorbidities like obesity, diabetes, cancer, or other preexisting cardiac and pulmonary conditions have an increased risk of complications. Following the recovery from COVID-19, respiratory complications include croup, bronchiolitis, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The diagnosis is confirmed by Reverse transcriptase -Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the respiratory specimen from the oral cavity, nose, and pharynx. The primary management of mild COVID-19 is supportive care. This review discusses the epidemiology, mode of transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and vaccination of COVID-19 among children.

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“…The most common clinical presentation is fever, cough, sore throat, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise, or croup [3,4]. In a retrospective study from Saudi Arabia, fever and respiratory symptoms were reported as the most common clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children [5]. Also, a survey conducted in northern Sierra Leone stated that most children were asymptomatic.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

Int J Pediatr Res

0

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COVID-19 disease is a primarily respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmitted by inhaling infected droplets. The primary animal reservoir for the coronavirus virus is the bat. For this review, we searched PubMed on April 30, 2023, with the search strategy: "COVID-19" OR "Coronavirus" AND "Children" AND "Clinical symptoms" AND "Diagnosis" AND "Management." We got 19 search results, including all types of the studies like narrative reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, observational studies, and randomized control trials. We included 11 studies in this review after exclusion of some of these studies. Delta variant transmission has mean incubation of 4.3 days, whereas the Alpha and Beta variant has an incubation period of 5 days. Furthermore, Omicron has a mean incubation period of 3-4 days. Hence the incubation period depends on the variant of the virus. Although primarily asymptomatic, the clinical features in children are fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise. Those with comorbidities like obesity, diabetes, cancer, or other preexisting cardiac and pulmonary conditions have an increased risk of complications. Following the recovery from COVID-19, respiratory complications include croup, bronchiolitis, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The diagnosis is confirmed by Reverse transcriptase -Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the respiratory specimen from the oral cavity, nose, and pharynx. The primary management of mild COVID-19 is supportive care. This review discusses the epidemiology, mode of transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and vaccination of COVID-19 among children.

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Prevalence and Outcome of Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Ali¹,

Alanazi²,

Alanazi³

et al. 2023

Arch Pharm Pract

1

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The main goal of this review is about Respiratory distress syndrome, which starts within hours of delivery, is really a major cause of neonatal respiratory distress; it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. The following search databases were used PubMed, the Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library. Utilizing Rayyan QCRI, studies papers were screened by title and abstract before being subjected to a full-text evaluation. This review investigates the published literature regarding the diagnosis and management of respiratory distress syndrome. A total of 314 studies were included for title screening. With outco2215 patients with respiratory distress syndrome, according to our study results, respiratory distress syndrome prevalence rates in Saudi Arabia ranged between 5.1% in Jeddah and the highest 84% in Al-Madinah. ARDS is still a leading cause of death and morbidity in children. Clinical outcomes can be improved by applying sound physiologic principles.

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Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Findings, Management, and Outcome of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children at a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

COVID-19 in Children: A Review of Epidemiology, Mode of Transmission, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management

COVID-19 in Children: A Review of Epidemiology, Mode of Transmission, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management

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Prevalence and Outcome of Management of Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review

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