Epidemiological characteristics and molecular typing of<i>Salmonella enterica</i>serovar Typhi during a waterborne outbreak in Eastern Anatolia

BackgroundBacterial diarrhoeal disease is among the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in children 0–59 months at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. However, most cases are treated empirically without the knowledge of aetiological agents or antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify bacterial causes of diarrhoea and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in stool specimens obtained from the children at the hospital.MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study involved children aged 0–59 months presenting with diarrhoea at paediatrics wards at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, from January to May 2016. Stool samples were cultured on standard media for enteropathogenic bacteria, and identified further by biochemical tests. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used for characterization of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on antibiotics that are commonly prescribed at the hospital using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, which was performed using the Clinical Laboratory Standards International guidelines.ResultsOf the 271 stool samples analysed Vibrio cholerae 01 subtype and Ogawa serotype was the most commonly detected pathogen (40.8%), followed by Salmonella species (25.5%), diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (18%), Shigella species (14.4%) and Campylobacter species (3.5%). The majority of the bacterial pathogens were resistant to two or more drugs tested, with ampicillin and co-trimoxazole being the most ineffective drugs. All diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolates were extended spectrum β-lactamase producers.ConclusionFive different groups of bacterial pathogens were isolated from the stool specimens, and the majority of these organisms were multidrug resistant. These data calls for urgent revision of the current empiric treatment of diarrhoea in children using ampicillin and co-trimoxazole, and emphasizes the need for continuous antimicrobial surveillance as well as the implementation of prevention programmes for childhood diarrhoea.

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“…Typhi, S. Paratyphi B, and the NTS were all 100%. Similar findings of MDR strains (100%) were reported in Turkey [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial enteropathogens from children aged 0–59 months at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: a prospective cross sectional study

et al. 2017

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“…As far as the current literature is considered, this is the first report in Turkey of bla Salmonella enfeksiyonları, tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de en önemli halk sağlığı sorunlarından birisidir 3,4 . Buna rağmen ülkemizde, insanlardan izole edilen Salmonella izolatlarının moleküler epidemiyolojisinin [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] ve antibiyotik direncinin moleküler …”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Molecular Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases of Salmonella enterica Serotype Paratyphi B Clinical Isolates

Bayramoğlu¹,

Özgümüş²,

Kolayli³

et al. 2014

Mikrobiyol Bul

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“…Approximately 20,000 amoebiasis cases and 15,000 giardiasis cases are reported annually in Turkey, which may be indicative of a prevalence of waterborne infectious diseases [40]; however, there are relatively few reports of waterborne outbreaks of these diseases [41][42][43][44]. Nevertheless, numerous waterborne tularemia outbreaks have been reported in the last few decades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak of tularemia in southwestern Turkey

Kutlu

Ergin

Karadenizli

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Tularemia has reemerged and spread throughout Turkey, and the number of cases has increased. In this study, we report on a waterborne outbreak of tularemia in the spring of 2013 in a region which was previously disease-free, and we investigated the reasons for the outbreak. Methodology: The index case, a 17-year-old male, was diagnosed with oropharyngeal tularemia. An outbreak investigation was initiated after receiving information from other patients with similar symptoms from the same village along with Balkıca, Tavas, and Denizli. An epidemiological and environmental investigation was conducted. Tonsil swab specimens/lymph node aspirates collected from patients, and water samples collected from unchlorinated drinking water sources, were cultured. Additionally, a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on these samples. Serum samples from patients were analyzed for antibody response. Results: A total of 7 patients were found in this outbreak investigation. The attack rate was found to be 1% among the people of the village and 25% among patients’ family members. The drinking-water system was contaminated with F. tularensis during this outbreak. Conclusions: Lack of appropriate water infrastructure and sanitation was the primary reason for this tularemia outbreak in Turkey. Improving the water source infrastructure and sanitation should be the primary approach to preventing tularemia outbreaks.

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Epidemiological characteristics and molecular typing ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi during a waterborne outbreak in Eastern Anatolia

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial enteropathogens from children aged 0–59 months at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: a prospective cross sectional study

Identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial enteropathogens from children aged 0–59 months at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: a prospective cross sectional study

Molecular Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases of Salmonella enterica Serotype Paratyphi B Clinical Isolates

An outbreak of tularemia in southwestern Turkey

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