Epidemiological and Histopathological Profile of Gastric Adenocarcinoma at Brazzaville University Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common gastric malignancy (over 90% of gastric cancers) and remains a global public health problem. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma in Brazzaville. Material and Methods: The epidemiological and histopathological profile is determined through a descriptive study, collecting retrospective data spread over a period of 11 years (January 2008- December 2018), based on consultation of the departmental histology registers. pathological anatomy and cytology. For each case, age, sex, location, pTNM stage, location and histological type were collected. Results: 93 histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinomas were collected during the 11-year period. The mean age of the patients was 54.5 years. The sex ratio was 2 in favor of men. The antral and fundal localization were more frequent (74.2% and 20.4% respectively). Of the 2 operative parts collected, one was T2N1 and the other T1N0. Tubular adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type (51.6%), followed by independent cell adenocarcinoma (34.4%), papillary adenocarcinoma (11.8%), and mucinous adenocarcinoma (2, 2%). Conclusion: gastric tubular adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type in Brazzaville. Key words: epidemiology, gastric adenocarcinoma, histological type.