Epidemiological and Clinical Gender Differences in OCD

Mathes, Brittany M.; Morabito, Danielle M.; Schmidt, Norman B.

doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1015-2

Cited by 113 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, the direction of these differences might differ by the specific type ICB: hypersexuality and gambling are more common in men, while compulsive buying is more common in women (30). Analogous differences have been reported for compulsive disorders in people without PD, with women presenting more contamination/cleaning symptoms or eating disorders whereas men more commonly present with sexual and aggressive symptoms (31,32). It remains to be investigated if these differences are due to different disease entities or simply to socially-acceptable gendered behaviors ( Table 1).…”

Section: Sex and Gender Aspects In Non-motor Featuresmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Multidisciplinary Management of Care for Persons With Parkinson's Disease

Göttgens¹,

Halteren

Vries

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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The impact of sex and gender on disease incidence, progression, and provision of care has gained increasing attention in many areas of medicine. Biological factors-sex-and sociocultural and behavioral factors-gender-greatly impact on health and disease. While sex can modulate disease progression and response to therapy, gender can influence patient-provider communication, non-pharmacological disease management, and need for assistance. Sex and gender issues are especially relevant in chronic progressive diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), because affected patients require multidisciplinary care for prolonged periods of time. In this perspective paper, we draw from evidence in the field of PD and various other areas of medicine to address how sex and gender could impact PD care provision. We highlight examples for which differences have been reported and formulate research topics and considerations on how to optimize the multidisciplinary care of persons with PD.

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Section: Sex and Gender Aspects In Non-motor Featuresmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Multidisciplinary Management of Care for Persons With Parkinson's Disease

Göttgens¹,

Halteren

Vries

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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“…As noted in Table 2, only a minority (41.3%) of the SNMHS respondents who endorsed at least one OCD diagnostic stem question went on to meet full DSM-IV criteria for lifetime OCD in the CIDI. But that resulted in a lifetime prevalence estimate (11.2%) that was much higher than estimates based on previous community epidemiological surveys (Mathes, Morabito, & Schmidt, 2019;Ruscio, Stein, Chiu, & Kessler, 2010), leading us to launch a clinical reappraisal study to evaluate CIDI diagnoses against diagnoses based on blinded clinical follow-up interviews. We attempted to administer a SCID OCD clinical reappraisal interview by telephone for this purpose to a probability sample of 50 SNMHS respondents who met lifetime DSM-IV/CIDI criteria for OCD and a probability sample of 25 SNMHS respondents who had positive diagnostic stem question responses but were classified by the CIDI as not having lifetime OCD.…”

Section: The Clinical Reappraisal Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey

Kessler

Al‐Desouki

King

et al. 2020

Int J Methods Psych Res

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Objectives The DSM‐IV diagnoses generated by the fully structured lay‐administered Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS) were compared to diagnoses based on blinded clinical reappraisal interviews. Methods Telephone follow‐up interviews were administered using the clinician‐administered non‐patient edition of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID) in separate sub‐samples of SNMHS respondents who screened positive for four disorders that are of special importance in Arab countries: obsessive–compulsive disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, and major depressive episode. Results Initial diagnoses based on the CIDI were found to have higher prevalence than those based on the SCID for all four disorders. For reasons having to do with respondent denial of symptoms in the SCID reported in the CIDI, we interpreted these differences as due more to under‐diagnoses in the SCID than over‐diagnoses in the CIDI. Nonetheless, CIDI diagnostic thresholds for three of the four disorders were increased to make sure prevalence estimates based on the CIDI were conservative. The procedures used to implement these recalibrations are described in this paper. Conclusions The CIDI interviews used in the SNMHS generated valid but conservative diagnoses of common mental disorders in the Saudi population.

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“…Significant variables from Supplementary Table 1 and those non-significant but believed to be relevant factors from past experience (gender, education level) (24,25) were all included in the multivariate logistic regression model; finally, as listed in Table 3, several variables were identified as predictors for OCD. Compared to the married, the respondents who were single were at 1.836 times the risk of having OCD (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Predictors For Ocdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characteristics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Among Urban Residents in Wuhan During the Stage of Regular Control of Coronavirus Disease-19 Epidemic

et al. 2020

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Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (Covid-19) is one of the most devastating epidemics in the 21st century, which has caused considerable damage to the physical and mental health of human beings. Despite a few regions like China having controlled the epidemic trends, most countries are still under siege of COVID-19. As the emphasis on cleaning and hygiene has been increasing, the problems related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may appear.Objective: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of OCD in the urban population in Wuhan during the stage of regular epidemic control and prevention. Meanwhile, characteristics and risk factors for OCD were also explored.Method: Five-hundred and seventy residents in urban areas of Wuhan were recruited using the snowball sampling method to complete questionnaires and an online interview from July 9 to July 19, 2020. Collected information encompassed socio-demographics, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) scores and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) values.Results: Three months after lifting the quarantine in Wuhan, the prevalence of OCD was 17.93%. About 89% of OCD patients had both obsessions and compulsions, while 8% had only obsessions and 3% had only compulsions. Top 3 common dimensions of obsessions were miscellaneous (84.0%), aggressive (76.6%), and contamination (48.9%), and of compulsions were miscellaneous (64%), checking (51.7%), and cleaning/washing/repeating (31.5%). The unmarried were more vulnerable to OCD than the married (p < 0.05, odds ration = 1.836). Students had 2.103 times the risk of developing OCD than health care workers (p < 0.05). Those with positive family history of OCD and other mental disorders (p < 0.05, odds ration = 2.497) and presence of psychiatric comorbidity (p < 0.05, odds ration = 4.213) were also at higher risk. Each level increase in sleep latency increased the risk of OCD to 1.646 times (p < 0.05).Conclusion: In the background of regular epidemic control, the prevalence of OCD was high, and the symptoms were widely distributed. Obsessions often accompanied compulsions. Being single and a student, positive family history of OCD and other mental disorders, presence of psychiatric comorbidity, and longer sleep latency were predictors of OCD. Early recognition and detection of these issues may help to intervene in OCD.

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Epidemiological and Clinical Gender Differences in OCD

Cited by 113 publications

References 41 publications

The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Multidisciplinary Management of Care for Persons With Parkinson's Disease

The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Multidisciplinary Management of Care for Persons With Parkinson's Disease

Clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey

Prevalence and Characteristics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Among Urban Residents in Wuhan During the Stage of Regular Control of Coronavirus Disease-19 Epidemic

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