Epidemiologic Survey of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection, Tibet, China, 2015

Zhang, Hui; Rehman, Mujeeb Ur; Li, Kun; Luo, Houqiang; Lan, Yanfang; Nabi, Fazul; Zhang, Lihong; Iqbal, Muhammad Kashif; Zhu, Suolangsi; Javed, Muhammad Tariq; Chamba, Yangzom; Li, Jia Kui

doi:10.3201/eid2306.152115

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Human JE cases have been reported in Tibet since 2006, according to the China CDC ( ). And JEV isolates (from mosquitoes, pigs and humans) have been described in Tibet [ 77 , 79 , 80 ]. This demonstrated that JEV is currently circulating in Tibet, so we think it is necessary to include Tibet in the modeling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Host and Environmental Factors on the Distribution of the Japanese Encephalitis Vector Culex tritaeniorhynchus in China

Liu

Gao

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Culex tritaeniorhynchus is an important vector that transmits a variety of human and animal diseases. Japanese encephalitis (JE), an endemic disease in the Asia-Pacific region, is primarily transmitted by Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Insufficient monitoring of vector mosquitoes has led to a poor understanding of the distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in China. To delineate the habitat of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and any host and environmental factors that affect its distribution, we used a maximum entropy modeling method to predict its distribution in China. Our models provided high resolution predictions on the potential distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. The predicted suitable habitats of the JE vector were correlated with areas of high JE incidence in parts of China. Factors driving the distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in China were also revealed by our models. Furthermore, human population density and the maximum NDVI were the most important predictors in our models. Bioclimate factors and elevation also significantly impacted the distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Our findings may serve as a reference for vector and disease control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Host and Environmental Factors on the Distribution of the Japanese Encephalitis Vector Culex tritaeniorhynchus in China

Liu

Gao

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Tibet is located in the Himalaya region and have high altitude with low temperature [ 10 , 12 , 26 ]. The local herdsmen have very less chance of interacting with the outside, which is not conducive to the survival of PRV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study was carried out in Nyingchi Prefecture in southeastern Tibet, China. This area is geographically isolated from Tibet and Sichuan Provinces by Himalayan Mountains, and shares its borders with Yunnan and Qinghai Provinces [ 10 – 12 ]. Nepal is located on the southwest, while India and Myanmar in the south of the Nyingchi.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, PRV was first reported in cats in 1947, and subsequently found in swine [ 7 ]. Tibetan pig is relatively ancient in origin, indigenous and rare plateau type pig breed in the world and is the only high-altitude pasture pig breed in China [ 10 , 11 ]. It is distributed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China (Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and eastern Tibet region).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Pseudorabies virus infection in Tibetan pigs in Tibet

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundPseudorabies (PR) is an important emerging infectious disease that is characterized by fever, extreme itching and encephalomyelitis. However, it is still unclear whether Tibetan pigs are exposed to Pseudorabies virus (PRV) or not.The present study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of PRV infection in Tibetan pigs in Nyingchi area of Tibet through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 368 serum samples from Tibetan pigs were collected during 2015.ResultsResults showed that 58 (15.76%) samples were found positive for PRV antibodies with further distribution of 18.23%, 13.42% and 6.25% from Nyingchi, Mainling and Gongbo’gyamda areas on the Tibetan plateau, respectively; along with 12.10%, 17.71% and 17.57% prevalence of PRV in juveniles, sub-adults and adults, respectively. The prevalence of PRV infection between male (14.61%) and female (16.84%) showed non-significant difference (P > 0.05). The risk factors of infection were found to be associated with feed type, age and altitude.ConclusionsThe present study depicts a serious concern with a new emerging infectious disease in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China.

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“…In a study that was reported in 2009, the infection rate of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was 13.2% [31], indicating a high level of virus activity. In Tibet, during a JE epidemic, the overall seroprevalence of JEV IgM in pigs was 5.1% [32]. Furthermore, JE epidemics have occurred along the border of Yunnan Province [33,34].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The spatiotemporal distribution of Japanese Encephalitis cases in Yunnan Province, China, from 2007 to 2017

Mao

Zhou

2020

PLoS ONE

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Epidemiologic Survey of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection, Tibet, China, 2015

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of Host and Environmental Factors on the Distribution of the Japanese Encephalitis Vector Culex tritaeniorhynchus in China

Influence of Host and Environmental Factors on the Distribution of the Japanese Encephalitis Vector Culex tritaeniorhynchus in China

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Pseudorabies virus infection in Tibetan pigs in Tibet

The spatiotemporal distribution of Japanese Encephalitis cases in Yunnan Province, China, from 2007 to 2017

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