Epidemiologic characteristics of rhinitis in Turkish Children: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase 2

Abstract

Rhinitis is a common problem with important comorbidities. In order to search the association between rhinitis, allergic phenotypes and other risk factors in Turkish children, a parental questionnaire about allergic diseases and risk factors, and skin prick test (SPT) with 13 inhalant allergens were performed in a population-based sample of 2774 children aged 9-11 yr. Bronchoprovocation testing with hypertonic saline (HS)and total IgE analysis were limited to a subsample of 350 children. Rhinitis was defined as a problem with sneezing, rhinorrhea, or nasal congestion when the child did not have a viral respiratory infection. The prevalences of ever rhinitis, current (last 12 months) rhinitis (CR), and ever hay fever were 36.3%, 30.6%, and 8.3%, respectively. SPT positivity rate was 20.4% among children with CR. Current wheezing and flexural dermatitis were significantly associated with CR. CR significantly increased the risk of asthma among both atopic and non-atopic subjects [odds ratio (OR), 3.98; 95% CI, 1.81-8.76; and OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.82-4.26, respectively]. The association between CR and bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) was not significant. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed family atopy (OR=2.25, 95% CI=1.79-2.83, p<0.001), current indoor heating with gas stove (OR=1.78, 95% CI=1.18-2.64, p=0.006) and dampness/molds at home during the first year of life (OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.25-2.31, p=0.001) as significant risk factors for CR. Turkish school children showed a high prevalence of rhinitis with a preponderance of non-atopics. The highly significant association between rhinitis and asthma independent of atopic sensitization emphasize the importance of non-atopic forms of rhinitis.

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008*

“…Prevalence of rhinitis in patients with asthma. The majority of patients with asthma experience rhinitis symptoms (277,648,909,937,945,1882,(1888)(1889)(1890)(1891)(1892)(1893)(1894)(1895)(1896)(1897)(1898)(1899). However, in many instances, symptoms may predominate in one organ and be hidden or unrecognized in other organs even though they exist.…”

Sensitization Prevalence of Children with Allergic Rhinitis for Inhalant and Food Allergens in the Province of Sakarya, Turkey

“…Kuyucu et al (22) determined the highest rates of sensitivity for grass pollen (43%) and mites (31%) in atopic children of Ankara. Erel et al (23) reported the rates of pollen and dust mite sensitivity at 60% and 21%, respectively, in Ankara.…”

Variable prevalence of allergic rhinitis and risk factors affecting the prevalence

“…anket çalışmalarına göre farklı kümülatif doktor tanılı AR prevalansı Tablo 3'de verilmiştir. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Yukarıda anlatıldığı gibi ülkeden ülkeye hatta aynı şehrin değişik ilçelerinde bile değişen AR prevalasını açıklamak için etyolojiye yönelik değişik araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu farkın nedeni özellikle ISAAC Faz II çalışmaları ile ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu makalede, muhtemel risk faktörleri doğum öncesi ve gebelik sürecinden itibaren irdelenecek, aynı zamanda doğum ve sonrasında suçlanan risk faktörleriyle beraber detaylıca son literatür verileri ışığında ele alınacaktır.…”