Sensitization Prevalence of Children with Allergic Rhinitis for Inhalant and Food Allergens in the Province of Sakarya, Turkey

Abstract

Objective: Sensitization prevalence studies have been rarely reported in children with allergic rhinitis from different regions of Turkey, and the exact rates of some sensitizations in humid regions such as Sakarya are still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore what kind of allergens play a role in sensitizations of allergic rhinitis patients during childhood in the Sakarya province of Turkey.Methods: This cross-sectional study involves 623 patients, 1-18 years of age, who have allergic rhinitis symptoms and were referred to the only pediatric allergy outpatient clinic in Sakarya between May 2013 and June 2015. Firstly, a questionnaire containing demographic data and patient history was completed. The multiple skin prick test system was used to detect sensitization. With 0 x 0 mm negative control, any positive test result with an allergen was defined as a wheal ≥3 mm diameter.Results: Overall, 289/623 (46%) children showed a positive response. 37% of them were found to have multiple sensitizations. Among the 289 patients, there were sensitizations to pollens (252/289: 87%), mites (51%), grasses (66%), trees (21%), molds (8%), animals (6%), and foods (6%). Sensitizations above 5 years of age were as follows: grasses, 72% (168/233); mites, 49.4%; trees, 24.5%; molds, 6.9%; and animals, 6%. Under 5 years were as follows: mites, 59% (33/56); grasses, 42.9%; foods, 25%; molds, 10.7%; trees, 5.4%; and animals, 3.6%.Conclusion: There were significant sensitizations detected for pollens and mites. Overall, a lower sensitization (8%) to molds is found in our patients who were referred to us from the humid Sakarya province.

Allergen Sensitization Patterns in Atopic Children in Mersin Province of Turkey

“…A previous study from Adana, which is also in the southern region but not nearby the sea, showed that the most common aeroallergens in SPT were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (73.8%), Dermatophagoides farinae (71.6%) and molds (23.4%), respectively (22). The mold sensitivity rate in allergic children was reported to be 7.6% in Sakarya and 9% in İzmir (23,24). The mite sensitivity rate for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and farinae was reported to be 21.5% -29.8% in Sakarya and 42% -37% in İzmir, respectively (23,24).…”

“…The mold sensitivity rate in allergic children was reported to be 7.6% in Sakarya and 9% in İzmir (23,24). The mite sensitivity rate for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and farinae was reported to be 21.5% -29.8% in Sakarya and 42% -37% in İzmir, respectively (23,24). Kuyucu et al showed that the most common sensitizations to be to grass pollens, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and cockroach (Blatella germanica) in Ankara (14).…”

“…The development of eczema was influenced by sensitization to 3 major inhalant (house dust mite, grass polen and cat) and 2 food (egg and peanut) allergens (26). A recent study from Sakarya city, Turkey, showed that the grass pollen and mite sensitivity were most often detected in 289 children with allergic rhinitis at rates of 66.4% and 51.2%, respectively (23). A previous study from İzmir, Turkey, determined that the most frequent allergen sensitizations were house dust mite, pollen and food allergens in bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, respectively (27).…”

Evaluation of allergic rhinitis patients and their skin prick test results in Kayseri province

“…Elmas ve Özdemir, [16] Sakarya ilinde 18 yaş altı AR'li çocukları değerlendirdikleri çalışmalarında en sık duyarlılığın ev tozu akarı ve polene karşı olduğunu, ama küf alerjisinin beklenenden az oranda olduğunu bildirmiştir. Ediger ve ark.…”

Allerjik Rinit Hastalarımızda Alerji Testleri

“…Fizik muayenede kronik burun akıntısı ve silme sonucu oluşan burun üst kısmında çizgi, sürekli kaşınma hareketi (alerjik selam), alt göz kapağında mor renkli halkalar (alerjik shiners) dikkat çeken bulgulardır. Laboratuarda deri prick testi (DPT), serum total IgE, serum spesifik IgE düzeyi, nazal salgıların incelenmesi tanıya yardımcıdır (3,4). Ayırıcı tanıda enfeksiyonlar, alerjik olmayan rinit, nazal tümörler, sistemik hastalıklar, ilaç kullanımları gibi durumlar düşünülmelidir.…”