Epidemiologic application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to 
an outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni in an Austrian youth 
centre

Lehner, Angelika; Schneck, Camilla Alexsandra; Feierl, Gebhard; Pless, P.; Deutz, A.; Brandl, Ernst; Wagner, Martin

doi:10.1017/s0950268899004318

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The outbreaks and sporadic cases of campylobacteriosis have frequently been reported that Campylobacter was isolated from patients. But it is often the case that the bacteria could not be isolated from suspected food or environmental samples [23,26,33,47]. There are many reasons for failure to identify the source of contamination, however it could be partly explained by the probable contamination of VBNC bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni under Cold Stresses Conditions: Its Potential for Public Threat

Chaisowwong

Kusumoto

Hashimoto

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Campylobacter jejuni is the major cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Under stress conditions, C. jejuni can enter a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. We found that the C. jejuni was able to enter a VBNC state by prolonged incubation at 4C. The standard isolation methods using pre-enrichment steps in Bolton broth or Preston broth could not detect the VBNC cells in spiked chicken meat. The transcription levels of virulence-associated genes (flaA, flaB, cadF, ciaB, cdtA, cdtB and cdtC) were expressed in VBNC cells but in low levels. The VBNC cells retained the ability to invade Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. In most cases, VBNC cells failed to resuscitate in Caco-2 cells, but in some experiments, they formed colonies after co-incubation with host cells. Collectively, C. jejuni enters into a VBNC state at 4C and the VBNC C. jejuni remains virulent which may possibly lead to disease in humans. C. jejuni in VBNC state is a potential concern for food safety.KEY WORDS: Campylobacter jejuni, resuscitation, viable but nonculturable state, virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni under Cold Stresses Conditions: Its Potential for Public Threat

Chaisowwong

Kusumoto

Hashimoto

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…have been identified as etiologic agents in outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis [63]. The reported incidence of Campylobacter infection in U.S. was 20.1 cases per100,000 in 2000 [3], and from 60 to 90 cases per 100,000 in northern Europe [33].…”

Section: Campylobacter In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter spp. in Human, Chickens, Pigs and Their Antimicrobial Resistance

Padungton

Kaneene

2003

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Campylobacter spp. have been identified as etiologic agents in outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in developed countries. In developing countries, most reported Campylobacter infections are in children. Previously reported prevalences of Campylobacter spp. in children in Southeast Asia range from 2.9% to 15%. The frequency and pattern of occurrence of Campylobacter spp. differ between developed and developing countries, especially in the number of cases reported in adults and the presence of any seasonal patterns in occurrence. Although the severity of Campylobacter infection in adults was different between developed and developing countries, the clinical symptoms of infection in adults resulting from infection in developing countries was similar to those in developed countries. Many different animal species maintain Campylobacter spp. with no clinical signs. There do not appear to be significantly different colonization rates of Campylobacter in food animals between developed and developing countries. The role of C. jejuni as a primary pathogen in farm animals is uncertain. C. jejuni can be found in feces of diarrheic and healthy calves and piglets. Campylobacter with resistance to antimicrobial agents have been reported in both developed and developing countries, and the situation seems to deteriorate more rapidly in developing countries, where there is widespread and uncontrolled use of antibiotics resistance was observed at high levels in food animals in both developed and developing countries. Studies suggested an association between antimicrobial use in food animals and the development of resistance in human isolates in developed countries. KEY WORDS: antimicrobial resistance, Campylobacter spp., food animal, human.

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“…In surveys of retail beef only 0 to 5% of the samples have tested positive for campylobacters (42,50,55). Instead, the importance of raw milk as a risk factor for human campylobacteriosis has been recognized in epidemiological studies (33,51), and consumption of unpasteurized milk has been associated with campylobacter infections in several outbreaks (12,30,47,51). The environmental load of campylobacters in cattle manure may be a more significant factor in the transmission of infections than contaminated milk or beef (36,39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Cattle in Finland and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Bovine Campylobacter jejuni Strains

Hakkinen

Heiska

Hänninen

2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The study investigated the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Finnish cattle at slaughter and carcass contamination after slaughter. During the period January to December 2003, bovine rectal fecal samples (n ‫؍‬ 952) and carcass surface samples (n ‫؍‬ 948) from 12 out of 15 Finnish slaughterhouses were examined. In total, campylobacters were detected in 31.1% of fecal samples and in 3.5% of carcass surface samples. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 19.5%, Campylobacter coli from 2.2%, and presumptive Campylobacter hyointestinalis from 10.8% of fecal samples. Campylobacters were detected in 4.4% and 37.4% of the fecal samples examined both by direct culture and by enrichment (n ‫؍‬ 730), respectively, suggesting a low level of campylobacters in the intestinal content. A slightly increasing trend was observed in the overall prevalence of campylobacters towards the end of summer and autumn. Seventeen different serotypes were detected among the fecal C. jejuni isolates using a set of 25 commercial antisera for serotyping heat-stable antigens (Penner) of C. jejuni by passive hemagglutination. The predominant serotypes, Pen2 and Pen4-complex, were isolated from 52% of the fecal samples. Subtyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (SmaI) yielded 56 and 20 subtypes out of 330 fecal and 70 carcass C. jejuni isolates, respectively. MICs of ampicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, and oxytetracycline for 187 C. jejuni isolates were determined using a commercial broth microdilution method. Sixteen (9%) of the isolates were resistant to at least one of the antimicrobials tested. Resistance to nalidixic acid was most commonly detected (6%). No multiresistance was observed.

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Epidemiologic application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to an outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni in an Austrian youth centre

Cited by 39 publications

References 11 publications

Physiological Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni under Cold Stresses Conditions: Its Potential for Public Threat

Physiological Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni under Cold Stresses Conditions: Its Potential for Public Threat

<i>Campylobacter</i> <i>spp</i>. in Human, Chickens, Pigs and Their Antimicrobial Resistance

Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in Cattle in Finland and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Bovine Campylobacter jejuni Strains

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