Epidemiología de hemoparásitos y endoparásitos en bovinos de zonas de reconversión ganadera en La Macarena (Meta, Colombia)

Abstract

The reconversion of illicit crops implies using alternative production systems. The Integrated Sustainable Agriculture and Livestock Nuclei (NISA) project supported these processes. A NISA nucleus consists of 20 to 28 producers who share knowledge of livestock innovation. A previous exercise in participatory epidemiology allowed to identify the most sensitive problems, including parasitic diseases. A transversal epidemiological study was performed in young bovines of different ages to establish parasitic infection dynamics in NISA nuclei in the municipalities of Puerto Rico and La Macarena, as a basis for prevention and control interventions. Ten young cattle and some adult animals were sampled in each farm for hematological and coprological analysis; the weight and condition of each animal were recorded. Weight gain in calves fluctuated between 450 and 500 g/d. Internal parasites were found on all farms, but they were different in importance; Strongyloides papillosus and Toxocara vitulorum presented high counts in cattle from 2 to 5 months of age. Trichostrongylids reached peak of excretion at six months of age. Moderate concentrations of parasites induce immunity; thus, anthelmintic treatment is recommended only at this age. The existence of endemic stability for hemoparasites was suggested. Professional counseling should be directed to ensuring that producers understand these stability processes without abusing drugs, while attending to the components of animal handling and welfare. Rural extension requires accompaniment by public policies and attention to socioeconomic aspects in order to contribute to rural development, which help to the reduction of inequalities in the Colombian countryside.Keywords: bovines, territorial rural development, parasitic population dynamics, veterinary epidemiology, livestock, animal health. Epidemiologia de hemoparasitas e endoparasitas em bovinos de zonas de reconversão pecuária em La Macarena (Meta, Colômbia) ResumoA reconversão de cultivos ilícitos implica respaldar-se em sistemas de produção alternativos. O projeto Núcleos Integrais Sustentáveis Agropecuários (NISA) apoiou estes processos. Um núcleo NISA o conformam entre 20 e 28 produtores que compartilham conhecimentos de inovação pecuária. Um exercício prévio de epidemiologia participativa permitiu conhecer os problemas mais sentidos, entre estes as afecções parasitárias. Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal em bovinos jovens de diversas idades para estabelecer as dinâmicas de infecção parasitária em núcleos NISA nos municípios de Puerto Rico e La Macarena, como fundamento para intervenções de prevenção e controle. Em cada fazenda foram tomadas amostras de 10 bovinos jovens e alguns animais adultos para análise hematológico e coprológico; se determinou peso e condição de cada animal. O aumento de peso em bezerros flutuou entre 450 e 500 g/d. Foram encontrados parasitas internos em todas as fazendas, mas diferiram em importância; Strongyloides papillosus e Toxocara vitulorum apresentaram altas contage...

Prevalencia de hemoparásitos en bovinos de doble propósito en el Cantón Pallatanga, Ecuador

“…Los síntomas generados por los hemoparásitos muestran similitudes y cooperan características de su transmisión y epidemiologías (Benavides et al, 2017). Por otro lado, la anaplasmosis se caracteriza por la alta destrucción de las células infectadas, produciendo depresión, debilidad, pérdida de peso, ictericia, fiebre y anemia progresiva, disminución en la producción de leche y muerte (Rymaszewska y Grenda, 2008).…”