Eosinophils in acute renal allograft rejection

Possible Noninvasive Biomarker of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Clinical and Experimental Evidence

“…The programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) is a 40-kDa type 1 transmembrane protein that has been speculated to play a major role in suppressing the immune system during particular events such as pregnancy, tissue allografts, and autoimmune disease as well as allergic diseases [24, 27, 28, 29, 30]. PDL1 is also recognized as an activation and maturation marker of T cells [31, 32].…”

Increased expression of transforming growth factor-β and eosinophil infiltration is associated with the development of transplant arteriosclerosis in long-term surviving cardiac allografts

“…1 and 4). Eosinophils have been detected during rejection in clinical transplantation (19), and their role has been further established in experimental studies (20). Apart from acute rejection, eosinophils also seem to play a role in chronic rejection and formation of the associated vascular lesions (21).…”

Renal allograft eosinophilia: An unusual presentation of sudden graft dysfunction

“…mentioned that the sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of predicting acute rejection with tissue eosinophil density ≥1 eosinophil per micron 2 × 10 (6) are 41%, 100%, and 52% and for peripheral blood eosinophilia ≥4% are 23%, 96%, and 40%, respectively. [4] The author also mentioned that the median peripheral blood eosinophilia (1.5–3.0%) in all grades of acute interstitial rejection and in acute vascular rejection was significantly higher than in controls. Management would include pulses of methyl prednisolone and thymoglobulin in cases of steroid resistance.…”