Eosinophilia in school-going children with plasmodium falciparum and helminth infections in the Volta region of Ghana

Orish, Verner N.; Ofori-Amoah, Jones; Amegan-Aho, Kokou Hefoume; Osisiogu, Emmanuel Udochukwu; Osei-Yeboah, James; Lokpo, Sylvester Yao; Allotey, Emmanuel Alote; Adu-Amankwaah, Joseph Alote; Azuma, Daniel Edem; Agordoh, Percival Delali

doi:10.11604/pamj.2021.38.277.17379

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Details of data collection for this study have previously been reported elsewhere [15 , 16] . Briefly, 3 mL of blood was obtained from the median cubital vein into an appropriately labelled dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid anticoagulant (K 2 EDTA) tube and transported to a designated laboratory for analysis on the same day of collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, anaemia and mean corpuscular volume of school children in the Volta Region of Ghana

Orish,

Lokpo,

Kwadzokpui

et al. 2024

EuJMI

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BackgroundAlthough, several studies have reported abnormal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) values and anaemia associated with malaria infections with a focus on Plasmodium falciparum among patients with complicated and uncomplicated malaria, none has looked at the association with asymptomatic malaria. This study aimed to assess this association.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using 3 mL of blood samples from 549 children aged 5–17 years attending 5 schools selected in the Volta Region. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the children to obtain demographic data. Blood samples were collected to estimate the children's full blood count (FBC) and malaria status. Data obtained were analysed using STATA 15 software. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsMost of the children in this study (49.9%) had normal MCV (81.3–91.3 fL) with an overall malaria prevalence of 55.6 % (95% CI: 51.3–59.8) and anaemia prevalence of 48.6% (95% CI 44.4–52.9). Most anaemic children had normal MCV (81.3–91.3 fL) (49.8, 95% CI 43.7–56.0). The predicted probability of malaria was highly likely among children with normal MCV (81.3–91.3 fL) but with high variability and uncertainty among those with low MCV (<81.3 fL) and high MCV (>91.3 fL).ConclusionThis study shows a reduced predicted probability of malaria among children with low and high MCV, playing a protective function against malaria. Further studies are required to elucidate the interaction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, anaemia and mean corpuscular volume of school children in the Volta Region of Ghana

Orish,

Lokpo,

Kwadzokpui

et al. 2024

EuJMI

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“…The literature research retrieved 1738 articles; after duplicate removal, 1316 records were screened and selected, and 15 studies were included in the review, as reported in Figure 1. All the studies were observational: five were cross-sectional, [17][18][19][20][21] and there were four prospective [22][23][24][25] and six retrospective cohort studies. 2,5,9,[26][27][28] The quality of the studies, evaluated through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies, is reported in Appendix S1-figure A1.…”

Section: Study Characteristics and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…four in Spain, 17,22,23,26 one in Germany 20 ), and four cohorts were from low-income countries or rural areas. 18,19,24,25 The Spanish and German studies predominantly relied on data from migrant children screened in paediatric infection disease units. 17,20,22,23,26 In contrast, the studies from the USA and Turkey mainly involved resident children.…”

Section: Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most authors used a cut-off value of AEC > 500/μL in peripheral blood to define eosinophilia, 2,17,[19][20][21]25,26,28 while two studies employed a lower threshold of 450/μL. 18,23 Excluding studies with cohorts restricted to eosinophilic children, the prevalence of absolute eosinophilia varied from 17.4% to 77.2%. 25,26 A lower prevalence of 0.5% was found by Burris et al…”

Section: Eosinophilia Definition and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

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From evidence to practice: A systematic review‐based diagnostic algorithm for paediatric eosinophilia across socioeconomic context

Pellegrino,

Tosca,

Timitilli

et al. 2024

Acta Paediatrica

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AimPaediatric eosinophilia is a common clinical dilemma, often leading to resource‐ and time‐consuming assessments. We aim to evaluate the main aetiologies of eosinophilia in children from different socioeconomic settings and propose a diagnostic algorithm.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted through PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Studies published from January 2012 to June 2023 reporting the incidence and aetiology of peripheral eosinophilia in children were included. Evidence from studies on children originating from low‐ or high‐income countries was compared.ResultsA total of 15 observational studies, encompassing 3409 children, were included. The causes of eosinophilia varied based on the children's origin and the eosinophilia severity. In children from high‐income countries, allergic diseases were the leading cause, with a prevalence of 7.7%–78.2%, while parasitosis ranged from 1.0% to 9.1%. In children from low‐income countries, parasitosis was predominant, ranging from 17.7% to 88.3%, although allergic diseases were found in 2.5%–4.8% of cases. Concerning severity, allergic diseases were the leading cause of mild‐to‐moderate eosinophilia; parasitosis was associated with moderate‐to‐severe eosinophilia, while immunological disorders were mostly found in severe cases.ConclusionWe developed a step‐up diagnostic algorithm that considers the child's origin and eosinophilia severity and could optimise resource allocation.

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“…Focusing on schistosomiasis, both urogenital schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma haematobium [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], and intestinal schistosomiasis, caused by S. mansoni [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], are common in Ghana regionally, even with high rates of co-infection with both species [ 27 , 29 ]. Pre-school-aged children and school children are affected [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] with urogenital schistosomiasis-associated macrohematuria and esoinophilia [ 35 , 36 ]. Seasonal effects exist; in detail, infection rates with Schistosoma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Schistosoma spp. and Leishmania spp. DNA in Serum of Ghanaian Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency

Weinreich

Hahn³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Both Schistosoma spp. (species) and Leishmania spp. are prevalent in Ghana in West Africa. However, little is known about their local occurrence in immunocompromised individuals. In the study presented here, the real-time PCR-(polymerase chain reaction-)based screening for repetitive DNA (deoxyribonucleotide acid) sequences from the genomes of Leishmania (L.) spp. and Schistosoma (S.) spp. was performed in the serum of HIV-(human immunodeficiency virus-)infected Ghanaian patients. In 1083 assessed serum samples from HIV-positive and HIV-negative Ghanian patients, Leishmania spp.-specific DNA was not detected, while the diagnostic accuracy-adjusted prevalence estimation suggested a 3.6% prevalence of the S. mansoni complex and a 0.5% prevalence of the S. haematobium complex. Associations of schistosomiasis with younger age, as well as with the male sex, could be shown but not with an HIV status. Weakly significant signals for the associations of schistosomiasis with an increased viral load, reduced CD4+ (CD = cluster of differentiation) T cell count, and a reduced CD4+/CD8+ ratio could be observed but was inconsistently lost in the case of the stratification on the species complex level. So, it is concluded that factors other than HIV status are more likely to have influenced the occurrence of Schistosoma spp. infections in the assessed Ghanaian patients. Potential associations between HIV infection-associated factors, such as the viral load and the immune status of the patients, for which weak signals were observed in this hypothesis-forming retrospective assessment, should be confirmed by prospective, sufficiently powered investigations.

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Eosinophilia in school-going children with plasmodium falciparum and helminth infections in the Volta region of Ghana

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Association between asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, anaemia and mean corpuscular volume of school children in the Volta Region of Ghana

Association between asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, anaemia and mean corpuscular volume of school children in the Volta Region of Ghana

From evidence to practice: A systematic review‐based diagnostic algorithm for paediatric eosinophilia across socioeconomic context

Screening for Schistosoma spp. and Leishmania spp. DNA in Serum of Ghanaian Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency

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