Eosinophilia and Associated Factors in a Large Cohort of Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Mohajer, Mayar Al; Villarreal-Williams, Erick; Andrade, Roberto; Giordano, Thomas P.; Serpa, José A.

doi:10.14423/smj.0000000000000159

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Traditionally, the presence of eosinophilia, regardless of the HIV status of the patient, has been associated with an underlying disease process. In developing countries, eosinophilia is most commonly associated with infectious processes (Table 1) such as helminth-associated and fungal conditions, while in developed countries, eosinophilia is most commonly associated with allergic conditions[1–3,5,6]. …”

Section: Pathophysiology and Etiology Of Eosinophiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histoplasmosis and tuberculosis can cause eosinophilia indirectly when they cause adrenal insufficiency, but they are unlikely to cause eosinophilia in other contexts. HIV itself is thought to cause eosinophilia due a Th1-Th2 shift [6,10]. …”

Section: Pathophysiology and Etiology Of Eosinophiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eosinophilia is encountered in as high as 28% of patients with HIV infection [6]. In developed countries, higher rates of eosinophilia have been seen in patients initiating HIV care, and those with advanced HIV disease.…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies confirmed these findings. In a study of HAART-naïve HIV-infected patients found that CD4+ T-cell count below 50 cells/microliter was associated with eosinophilia [6]. Another study in foreign-born HIV-infected patients who were receiving HAART found that CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/microliter was associated with eosinophilia [1,14].…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skin rash is also commonly associated with eosinophilia, although a definitive (i.e. biopsy-proven) diagnosis is often not made [6]. A study of patients with advanced HIV during the pre-HAART era found that pruritic skin rashes, in particular eosinophilic pustular folliculitis, were associated with eosinophilia [15].…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chou

Serpa

2015

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eosinophilia is not uncommonly encountered in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); particularly at initiation of care or among those with advanced disease. The clinical manifestation most commonly associated with eosinophilia in this patient population is skin rash. Management of these patients is challenging due to a paucity of data evaluating diagnostic testing and therapeutic strategies. Patients born in or with significant travel to parasite-endemic countries are more likely to have tissue-invasive helminthes, such as Strongyloides or Schistosoma. Patients without such risk factors are unlikely to have parasitic infections and frequently will have self-resolution of eosinophilia. When a detailed history, physical exam and diagnostic work-up is unrevealing, we sometimes consider empirical therapy with ivermectin. Praziquantel may also be considered for those at risk for schistosomiasis.

show abstract

Section: Pathophysiology and Etiology Of Eosinophiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiology and Etiology Of Eosinophiliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Presentation and Prognosis Of Patients With Eosinopmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chou

Serpa

2015

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

HIV and the Skin

Bunker,

Piguet

2024

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within 2 years of defining acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a distinctive syndrome in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was identified as the causative agent. Dermatological involvement in AIDS has been appreciated since the disease was first recognised. Mucocutaneous involvement establishes criteria for diagnosis and staging; the prognostic significance of some complications, for example pruritic papular eruption/eosinophilic folliculitis, hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi sarcoma (KS), was well recognised before specific treatments were introduced. The proportion of patients with skin complications and the number of these manifestations in any one patient increase as HIV infection progresses and AIDS develops. The incidence and severity of several common cutaneous diseases (such as mollusca, herpes simplex and seborrhoeic dermatitis) are increased in patients with HIV and this correlates in many instances with the absolute numbers of CD4+ T cells. The effect HIV infection may have on some dermatological conditions such as psoriasis and leprosy is less clear‐cut. The advent of highly active combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been incalculably beneficial to patients with HIV, but novel side effects of these drugs (such as lipodystrophy) have emerged, and the skin can be affected by manifestations of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome/immune reconstitution associated disease. The dermatological complications of HIV and AIDS may be distressing to patients and difficult for dermatologists to diagnose and manage. Also, many dermatoses presenting in the population at large need to be regarded as ‘indicator conditions’ to prompt advice about, and initiation of, HIV testing.

show abstract

Modeling Viral Suppression, Viral Rebound and State-Specific Duration of HIV Patients with CD4 Count Adjustment: Parametric Multistate Frailty Model Approach

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Combination antiretroviral therapy has become the standard care of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and has further led to a dramatically decreased progression probability to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) for patients under such a therapy. However, responses of the patients to this therapy have recorded heterogeneous complexity and high dynamism. In this paper, we simultaneously model long-term viral suppression, viral rebound, and statespecific duration of HIV-infected patients. Methods: Full-parametric and semi-parametric Markov multistate models were applied to assess the effects of covariates namely TB co-infection, educational status, marital status, age, quality of life (QoL) scores, white and red blood cell parameters, and liver enzyme abnormality on long-term viral suppression, viral rebound and state-specific duration for HIV-infected individuals before and after treatment. Furthermore, two models, one including and another excluding the effect of the frailty, were presented and compared in this study. Results: Results from the diagnostic plots, Akaike information criterion (AIC) and likelihood ratio test showed that the Weibull multistate frailty model fitted significantly better than the exponential and semi-parametric multistate models. Viral rebound was found to be significantly associated with many sex partners, higher eosinophils count, younger age, lower educational level, higher monocyte counts, having abnormal neutrophils count, and higher liver enzyme abnormality. Furthermore, viral suppression was also found to be significantly associated with higher QoL scores, and having a stable sex partner. The analysis result also showed that patients with a stable sex partner, higher educational levels, higher QoL scores, lower eosinophils count, lower monocyte counts, and higher RBC indices were more likely to spend more time in undetectable viral load state. Conclusions: To achieve and maintain the UNAIDS 90% suppression targets, additional interventions are required to optimize antiretroviral therapy outcomes, specifically targeting those with poor clinical characteristics, lower education, younger age, and those with many sex partners. From a methodological perspective, the parametric multistate approach Digital Features To view digital features for this article go to

show abstract

Eosinophilia and Associated Factors in a Large Cohort of Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

HIV and the Skin

Modeling Viral Suppression, Viral Rebound and State-Specific Duration of HIV Patients with CD4 Count Adjustment: Parametric Multistate Frailty Model Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About