Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chou, Andrew; Serpa, José A.

doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0272-x

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Besides respiratory viruses, eosinophils play a role in other viral infections. Eosinophilia is a frequent finding in patients with HIV infection progressing to full-blown AIDS, even in the absence of other triggers such as parasitic infections or allergic condition [ 147 , 148 ]. Indeed, human eosinophils express CD4 and CXCR4 [ 149 , 150 ] and are susceptible to infection by CXCR4-tropic HIV-1, according to evidence in vitro [ 151 – 153 ].…”

Section: Eosinophils In Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils from Physiology to Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Ramirez

Yacoub

Ripa

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

209

198

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Despite being the second least represented granulocyte subpopulation in the circulating blood, eosinophils are receiving a growing interest from the scientific community, due to their complex pathophysiological role in a broad range of local and systemic inflammatory diseases as well as in cancer and thrombosis. Eosinophils are crucial for the control of parasitic infections, but increasing evidence suggests that they are also involved in vital defensive tasks against bacterial and viral pathogens including HIV. On the other side of the coin, eosinophil potential to provide a strong defensive response against invading microbes through the release of a large array of compounds can prove toxic to the host tissues and dysregulate haemostasis. Increasing knowledge of eosinophil biological behaviour is leading to major changes in established paradigms for the classification and diagnosis of several allergic and autoimmune diseases and has paved the way to a “golden age” of eosinophil-targeted agents. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update on the pathophysiological role of eosinophils in host defence, inflammation, and cancer and discuss potential clinical implications in light of recent therapeutic advances.

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Section: Eosinophils In Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils from Physiology to Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Ramirez

Yacoub

Ripa

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

209

198

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“…Eosinophilia was associated with both positive Sc and St serology. A limitation in the interpretation of this association is that other causes of eosinophilia, such as malignancy and fungal infection [48], were not investigated. Laboratory data were collected at a single time point; therefore, assumptions cannot be made regarding causality between laboratory data, including eosinophilia, and positive serology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Schistosoma and Strongyloides screening in migrants initiating HIV Care in Canada: a cross sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: Following migration from Schistosoma and Strongyloides endemic to non-endemic regions, people remain at high risk for adverse sequelae from these chronic infections. HIV co-infected persons are particularly vulnerable to the serious and potentially fatal consequences of untreated helminth infection. While general screening guidelines exist for parasitic infection screening in immigrant populations, they remain silent on HIV positive populations. This study assessed the seroprevalence, epidemiology and laboratory characteristics of these two parasitic infections in a non-endemic setting in an immigrant/refugee HIV positive community. Methods: Between February 2015 and 2018 individuals born outside of Canada receiving care at the centralized HIV clinic serving southern Alberta, Canada were screened by serology and direct stool analysis for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis. Canadian born persons with travel-based exposure risk factors were also screened. Epidemiologic and laboratory values were analyzed using bivariate logistic regression. We assessed the screening utility of serology, direct stool analysis, eosinophilia and hematuria. Results: 253 HIV positive participants were screened. The prevalence of positive serology for Schistosoma and Strongyloides was 19.9 and 4.4%, respectively. Age between 40 and 50 years (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.13-5.50), refugee status (3.55, 1.72-7.33), country of origin within Africa (6.15, 2.44-18.60), eosinophilia (3.56, 1.25-10.16) and CD4 count < 200 cells/mm 3 (2.46, 1.02-5.92) were associated with positive Schistosoma serology. Eosinophilia (11.31, 2.03-58.94) was associated with positive Strongyloides serology. No Schistosoma or Strongyloides parasites were identified by direct stool microscopy. Eosinophilia had poor sensitivity for identification of positive serology. Hematuria was not associated with positive Schistosoma serology. Conclusion: Positive Schistosoma and Strongyloides serology was common in this migrant HIV positive population receiving HIV care in Southern Alberta. This supports the value of routine parasitic screening as part of standard HIV care in non-endemic areas. Given the high morbidity and mortality in this relatively immunosuppressed population, especially for Strongyloides infection, screening should include both serologic and direct parasitological tests. Eosinophilia and hematuria should not be used for Schistosoma and Strongyloides serologic screening in HIV positive migrants in non-endemic settings.

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“…eozynofilowe zapalenie płuc podczas zarażenia węgorkiem S. stercoralis, czy obrzęk stawów (podczas zarażenia glistą Ascaris sp. ); (1,30,31,32).…”

Section: Wybrane Aspekty Przebieguunclassified

“…Wykazano, iż czynnikiem predysponującym do zespołu "hiperinfekcji" jest zaburzenie odpowiedzi immunologicznej typu komórkowego, obserwowane w przebiegu zarażenia Strongyloides stercoralis oraz leczenie kortykosteroidami (8,66,70). U pacjentów występuje eozynofilia wywołana promowaniem odpowiedzi immunologicznej zależnej od limfocytów Th2, której konsekwencją jest rekrutacja eozynofilii do miejsc bytowania pasożytów, zwłaszcza podczas ich migracji (31,32).…”

Section: Współzarażenie Strongyloides Sp I Hivunclassified

“…It was demonstrated that disturbances of cellular immune response observed during S. stercoralis infection and treatment with corticosteroids are the factors predisposing to the "hyperinfection" syndrome (8,66,70). Patients have eosinophilia that is elicited by promotion of Th2 lymphocyte-mediated immune response, whose consequence is eosinophil recruitment to the areas populated by the parasites, in particular during their migration (31,32).…”

Section: Co-infection With Strongyloides Sp and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Selected aspects of helminth infections Schistosoma sp., Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis in individuals diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

Welc-Falęciak

Bajer

2018

Przegl Epidemiol

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Co-infections of HIV and other pathogens constitute an important clinical and epidemiological problem. Many studies have played attention to opportunistic co-infections due to the fact that they are used as an indicator for development of AIDS and are present on the all continents. However, in HIV-infected patients helminth infections, which are not aetiologic agents of opportunistic infections, are becoming more and more important. Prevalence of helminth infection depends on parasite species, environmental and socioeconomic factors, therefore the results of published research mainly refer to populations of patients in developing countries and endemic regions. In many cases, pathogenetic mechanisms of these co-infections are not fully recognized, and the obtained results are ambiguous. Thus we performed literature review concerning the course and implications of co-infections with three selected helminth species, of different tissue/organ tropism (Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, Schistosoma sp.), in patients with HIV infection.

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Eosinophilia in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Eosinophils from Physiology to Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Eosinophils from Physiology to Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Schistosoma and Strongyloides screening in migrants initiating HIV Care in Canada: a cross sectional study

Selected aspects of helminth infections Schistosoma sp., Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis in individuals diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

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