Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) in blister fluid of dermatological diseases

Abstract

The occurrence of low molecular weight (less than 500 dalton) eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) was studied in the blister fluid of patients with various dermatological diseases by an in vitro chemotaxis method. After chromatographic separation of the test substance on a small Sephadex G 25 column, ECF was demonstrated in blisters of five patients with bullous pemphigoid, in three patients with systemic drug reactions and in one patient with blisters are contact with primula. ECF was not found in blisters of patients with epidermolysis bullosa and herpes gestationis or in DNCB-induced blisters. Fluid obtained from suction blisters was negative in normal controls and in unaffected skin of patients with atopic eczema, but contained ECF in eczematous areas. The demonstration of ECF in tissue fluid suggests that this factor plays a role in the local accumulation of eosinophils at sites of certain inflammatory reactions.

Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis

“…Although some of these ECFs are thought to be operative at the lesional skin o f dermatoses character ized by eosinophil infiltration, there are only a few papers reporting the determination of these factors in such dermatoses. Low molecular weight ECFA-likc substances were demonstrated in the blisters of bullous pemphigoid [6], incontinentia pigmenti [7], or drug eruption, and in the suction blisters fluids obtained from the lesional skin of atopic derm atitis cases [8],…”

Eosinophil Chemotactic Activity of Collagen‐derived Fragments

“…Of the several eosinophil chemotactic factors, a low molecular weight factor is known to be derived from basophils (7), mast cells (8), neutrophils (9), and monocytes (10). Furthermore, some eosinophil chemotactic factors whose origins are unknown, have been detected in blister fluids of patients with bullous pemphigoid (11) and contact and atopic eczema (12), and in granulomatous liver of Schistosoma mansoniinfected mice (13). Organs such as skin and liver are rich in collagen, and collagen degradation may occur in these tissues during injury by acute or chronic inflammation.…”

Clinical, pharmacological and immunological aspects of delayed pressure urticaria

“…Results are expressed as the product ofthe two values obtained from each weal. Suction blisters were applied over weals and normal skin with a Dermovac device as previously described (Dierksmeier, Frosch & Czarnetzki, 1980). Blister fluid was boiled immediately after collection for 10 min and was then stored at -20 C until mediator assay.…”