Enzymolysis of Azolla pinnata protein concentrate: Effect of protease types and hydrolysis extents on the physicochemical, techno-functional and biological properties

Qoms, Mohammed S.; Arulrajah, Brisha; Shamsudin, Rosnah; Ramli, Nurul Shazini; Ibadullah, Wan Zunairah Wan; Chau, De-Ming; Saari, Nazamid

doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102787

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Alkaline protease is an endopeptidase, while papain is a mixture of endo- and exopeptidases . The substrate specificity of these two proteases may result in a DH of OVA no higher than 30%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Molecular Mechanism of Novel Two-Way Immunomodulatory Peptides from Ovalbumin: In Vitro Cell Experiments, De Novo Sequencing, and Molecular Docking

Li,

Abou-Elsoud,

Chen

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The purpose of this study was to identify ovalbumin-derived immunomodulatory peptides by in vitro cell experiments, de novo sequencing, and molecular docking. Ovalbumin hydrolysates were prepared by two enzymes (alkaline protease and papain) individually, sequentially, or simultaneously, respectively. The simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysate (OVAH) had a high degree of hydrolysis (38.12 ± 0.48%) and exhibited immune-enhancing and anti-inflammatory activities. A total of 160 peptides were identified by LC−MS/MS in OVAH. Three novel peptides NVMEERKIK, ADQARELINS, and WEKAFKDE bound to TLR4-MD2 through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with high binding affinity and binding energies of −181.40, −178.03, and −168.12 kcal/mol, respectively. These three peptides were synthesized and validated for two-way immunomodulatory activity. NVMEERKIK exhibiting the strongest immunomodulatory activity, increased NO and TNF-α levels by 128.69 and 38.01%, respectively, in normal RAW264.7 cells and reduced NO and TNF-α levels by 27.31 and 39.13%, respectively, in lipopolysaccharideinduced inflammatory RAW264.7 cells. Overall, this study first revealed that ovalbumin could be used as an immunomodulatory source for controlling inflammatory factor secretion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alkaline protease is an endopeptidase, while papain is a mixture of endo-and exopeptidases. 23 The substrate specificity of these two proteases may result in a DH of OVA no higher than 30%. Therefore, combined enzymatic hydrolysis was used to further improve the DH of the OVA, resulting in rapid peptide release.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ovahmentioning

confidence: 99%