Enzyme-loaded paper combined impedimetric sensor for the determination of the low-level of cholesterol in saliva

Lee, Yi Jae; Eom, Kyu Shik; Shin, Kyung Sook; Kang, Ji Yoon; Lee, Soo Hyun

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.080

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Cholesterol is a steroid ubiquitously present as a constituent in plasma membrane and acts as a precursor for bile acids, vitamin D and hormones etc. (Amiri & Arshi, 2020; Lee et al, 2018). As illustrated in Figure 2b cholesterol is oxidised to H 2 O 2 by cholesterol oxidase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of cholesterol oxidase base sensor was 53% times higher than the enzyme‐free ROS sensor. The LOD for the cholesterol oxidase‐based ROS sensor was determined to be 0.12 ± 0.02 µg/ml, well below the normal ≤2000 μg/ml blood cholesterol and ≤than the normal levels in saliva (5–46 μg/ml) (Amiri & Arshi, 2020; Lee et al, 2018). The cholesterol oxidase‐loaded ROS sensor had a calibration sensitivity of 1.97 µF/µg ml −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cholesterol oxidase and lipoxygenase immobilised nanoferrogel ROS sensors were evaluated for their detection of cholesterol and unsaturated oils, respectively. As illustrated in Figure 2b, cholesterol oxidase oxidises cholesterol to H 2 O 2 , detectable by the nanoferrogel ROS sensor (Amiri & Arshi, 2020; Lee et al, 2018). The sensors were tested by first acquiring a blank cyclic voltammogram of a 50 µl of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A versatile reactive oxygen species‐responsive gels sensor for analysis of metabolic species

Mugo

2020

Med Devices & Sens

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Physiologically, H 2 O 2 is the longest lifetime reactive oxygen species (ROS), a natural by-product of mitochondrial aerobic respiration and cellular metabolism (Aran et al., 2015; Chandan & Sashwati, 2008). H 2 O 2 is vital in modulating redox homoeostatic processes, hormones production, cell signalling, phagocytosis, apoptosis, and immuno-response to pathogenic infection. H 2 O 2 is also produced in compromised tissue oxygenation due to disrupted vasculature in wound repair process and is associated with meat discolouration (Chandan & Sashwati, 2008). Due to stress activating factors such as UV light, chemical agents, or compromised enzyme antioxidants radical scavengers, ROS cellular buildup could result. The increase in cellular ROS induces carbonylation reactions on unsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and DNA (Aran et al., 2015; Barrera, 2012; Chandan & Sashwati, 2008). These reactions trigger irreversible damage to neurons, inactivation of enzymes, and DNA damage via breakage and crosslinking. Redox medicine an emerging innovative field suggests elevated cellular H 2 O 2 is a biomarker of oxidative stress-culpable for pathologies such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, cardiovascular disease, ageing, obesity, chronic inflammation, cancers, and viral infections (Barrera,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A versatile reactive oxygen species‐responsive gels sensor for analysis of metabolic species

Mugo

2020

Med Devices & Sens

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“…This has been achieved through collaboration between various disciplines such as microfluidics, biotechnology, nanotechnology, computer technology, signal processing, and microelectronics [94]. The combination of this knowledge has resulted in the emergence of countless portable tests and devices, including biosensors [95][96][97], and even microchips [98]. These developments in the clinical area are beneficial as they can provide diagnostic information in an effective and simple way.…”

Section: Current Trends and Future Perspectives In Enzymatic Methods For Salivary Biomarkers Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Methods for Salivary Biomarkers Detection: Overview and Current Challenges

2021

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Early detection is a key factor in patient fate. Currently, multiple biomolecules have been recognized as biomarkers. Nevertheless, their identification is only the starting line on the way to their implementation in disease diagnosis. Although blood is the biofluid par excellence for the quantification of biomarkers, its extraction is uncomfortable and painful for many patients. In this sense, there is a gap in which saliva emerges as a non-invasive and valuable source of information, as it contains many of the biomarkers found in blood. Recent technological advances have made it possible to detect and quantify biomarkers in saliva samples. However, there are opportunity areas in terms of cost and complexity, which could be solved using simpler methodologies such as those based on enzymes. Many reviews have focused on presenting the state-of-the-art in identifying biomarkers in saliva samples. However, just a few of them provide critical analysis of technical elements for biomarker quantification in enzymatic methods for large-scale clinical applications. Thus, this review proposes enzymatic assays as a cost-effective alternative to overcome the limitations of current methods for the quantification of biomarkers in saliva, highlighting the technical and operational considerations necessary for sampling, method development, optimization, and validation.

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“…84 Low cholesterol amounts in saliva can be measured using an enzymatic sensor. 85 Creatinine levels can be raised by infections and malignant disorders like cancer. 86 Untreated symptoms can lead to progressive engorgement of nephrons, resulting in final-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD).…”

Section: Albumin and Kallikreinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Lab-in-a-Mouth and Advanced Point-of-Care Sensing Systems: Detecting Bioinformation from the Oral Cavity and Saliva

et al. 2022

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Cavitas sensors and point-of-need sensors capable of providing physical and biochemical information from the oral cavity and saliva have attracted great attention because they offer remarkable advantages for noninvasive sensing systems. Herein, we introduce the basic anatomy and physiology of important body cavities to understand their characteristics as it is a pivotal foundation for the successful development of in-mouth devices. Next, the advanced development in lab-in-a-mouth sensors and point-of-need sensors for analyzing saliva are explained. In addition, we discuss the integrations of artificial intelligence and electronic technologies in smart sensing networks for healthcare systems. This review ends with a discussion of the challenges, future research trends, and opportunities in relevant disciplines. Mouthguard-based sensors and conventional salivary sensing devices will continue to be significant for the progress in the next-generation sensing technologies and smart healthcare systems.

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Enzyme-loaded paper combined impedimetric sensor for the determination of the low-level of cholesterol in saliva

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

A versatile reactive oxygen species‐responsive gels sensor for analysis of metabolic species

A versatile reactive oxygen species‐responsive gels sensor for analysis of metabolic species

Enzymatic Methods for Salivary Biomarkers Detection: Overview and Current Challenges

Review—Lab-in-a-Mouth and Advanced Point-of-Care Sensing Systems: Detecting Bioinformation from the Oral Cavity and Saliva

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