“…Because of these relatively high amounts of virus that are needed for detection by antigen ELISA, the sensitivity for detecting IBV antigen directly in chicken organs is low. Naqi et al (1993) failed to detect IBV by ELISA in tracheas of susceptible chickens after inoculation, while Nagano et al (1990) reported that the ELISA detected IBV for only 2 days, while virus was isolated for at least 7 days (the end of the experiment). Ignjatovic & Ashton (1996) could not detect antigen by ELISA after infection of chickens with a commercial vaccine, but did isolate the virus.…”
Section: Detection Of Ibv Antigenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reported detection limits for IBV antigen ELISAs are about 10 6 EID 50 (Yagyu & Ohta, 1987;Nagano et al, 1990), 10 3 PFU , or 100 to 1000 median ciliostatic doses (CD 50 ; Ignjatovic & Ashton, 1996). Because of these relatively high amounts of virus that are needed for detection by antigen ELISA, the sensitivity for detecting IBV antigen directly in chicken organs is low.…”
Section: Detection Of Ibv Antigenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Antigen ELISAs have been reported as a successful confirmation test for detecting IBV antigen in allantoic fluid of inoculated eggs (Yagyu & Ohta, 1987;Hesselink et al, 1988;Nagano et al, 1990;Koch et al, 1991b;Cavanagh et al, 1992b;Ignjatovic & Ashton, 1996). This technique can be especially useful when many samples have to be tested.…”
The detection methods for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of available techniques of IBV detection by virus isolation, antigen or genome detection, and serology are discussed. Factors of influence on the level of success in detection of IBV after a disease outbreak are discussed, as are the possibilities and dangers of strain classification by protectotyping, serotyping, epitope-typing and genotyping.
“…Because of these relatively high amounts of virus that are needed for detection by antigen ELISA, the sensitivity for detecting IBV antigen directly in chicken organs is low. Naqi et al (1993) failed to detect IBV by ELISA in tracheas of susceptible chickens after inoculation, while Nagano et al (1990) reported that the ELISA detected IBV for only 2 days, while virus was isolated for at least 7 days (the end of the experiment). Ignjatovic & Ashton (1996) could not detect antigen by ELISA after infection of chickens with a commercial vaccine, but did isolate the virus.…”
Section: Detection Of Ibv Antigenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reported detection limits for IBV antigen ELISAs are about 10 6 EID 50 (Yagyu & Ohta, 1987;Nagano et al, 1990), 10 3 PFU , or 100 to 1000 median ciliostatic doses (CD 50 ; Ignjatovic & Ashton, 1996). Because of these relatively high amounts of virus that are needed for detection by antigen ELISA, the sensitivity for detecting IBV antigen directly in chicken organs is low.…”
Section: Detection Of Ibv Antigenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Antigen ELISAs have been reported as a successful confirmation test for detecting IBV antigen in allantoic fluid of inoculated eggs (Yagyu & Ohta, 1987;Hesselink et al, 1988;Nagano et al, 1990;Koch et al, 1991b;Cavanagh et al, 1992b;Ignjatovic & Ashton, 1996). This technique can be especially useful when many samples have to be tested.…”
The detection methods for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of available techniques of IBV detection by virus isolation, antigen or genome detection, and serology are discussed. Factors of influence on the level of success in detection of IBV after a disease outbreak are discussed, as are the possibilities and dangers of strain classification by protectotyping, serotyping, epitope-typing and genotyping.
“…Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) have been developed and proved their efficacy, either for the detection of IBV antigen (1,12,15,19,21,34), or anti-IBV antibodies (2,3,4,8,16,22,29).…”
Section: Introduction I Nfectious Bronchitis Virus (Ibv) Is a Member Ofmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Alternatively, polyclonal or monoclonal anti-IBV capture antibodies have been adsorbed on the solid phase in sandwich-ELISA methods for trapping these viruses (12,19,21). Whole virus purification requires propagating large quantities of virus in eukaryotic systems and whereas the most reliable serodiagnostic reagents require highly purified antigen, purification of IBV with its highly glycosylated spike protein is difficult and expensive (22).…”
Section: Introduction I Nfectious Bronchitis Virus (Ibv) Is a Member Ofmentioning
Concanavalin A-Sandwich ELISA (Con A-S-ELISA) was developed for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) or chicken specific anti-viral antibodies. The antigen detection limit for the Con A-S-ELISA was 10 5,1 EID 50 /mL. Three homologous and four heterologous IBV strains were similarly detected. This assay was highly effective in detecting the virus after infected tissue homogenates were passed once in embryonated chicken eggs, showing a good agreement with virus isolation technique. The Con A-S-ELISA was also used to measure anti-IBV chicken antibodies and showed a high coefficient of correlation (r ؍ 0.85) and an agreement of k ؍ 0.80 with the commercially available Indirect-ELISA. The relative sensitivity and specificity between these two tests were, respectively, 92.86% and 95.65% with an accuracy of 93.39%. Thus, the Con A-S-ELISA proved to be able to detect alternatively homologous and heterologous IBV strains or specific chicken anti-IBV antibodies, using the Con A as capture reagent of this assay.
569
A rapid diagnostic assay for differentiating avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates was developed. The basis of the assay is the cleavage of target RNA by RNase H mediated by sequence-specific chimeric oligonucleotides followed by sample to residual ratio quantitation (SRRQ) using RRT-PCR. Four serotype-specific chimeric oligonucleotides were designed, one each for the Massachusetts, Connecticut, Arkansas, and Delaware/Georgia 98 serotypes, and tested for their ability to mediate specific cleavage of target RNA from known homologous and heterologous strains of IBV. Specific cleavage of target RNAs by each chimeric oligonucleotide was verified using agarose gel analysis and RRT-PCR. There were no non-specific cleavage products. Eight different IBV strains representing seven serotypes were tested and each chimeric oligonucleotide mediated cleavage of target RNA only from strains within the serotype that the chimeric was designed against. The SRRQ assay was evaluated on 15 samples without prior knowledge of their grouping and correctly identified the serotype of each sample. The assay is rapid; six samples can be tested in approximately 4 h. In addition, the primer set amplifies all IBV RNAs tested to date and provides a built in control for detecting IBV whether it is typeable or not.
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