Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Anti-Hla Antibodies—an Alternative to Panel Studies by Lymphocytotoxicity

Clinical Relevance of Preformed HLA Donor-Specific Antibodies in Kidney Transplantation

“…Patients awaiting renal transplantation are routinely tested for lymphocytotoxic panel-reactive antibodies (PRA), and graft allocation depends on the current T-and B-cell complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) crossmatches. Much effort has been spent on increasing the sensitivity of the crossmatch assay such that weak anti-HLA sensitization can be detected (2,3), and new techniques for pretransplant antibody testing based on highly sensitive, strictly HLA-specific ELISAs have been developed (4,5). But up to now, no study has permitted evaluation of the clinical impact of donor-specific antibodies against HLA antigens (DSA) identified before transplantation by sensitive techniques.…”

Pivotal Role of Complement-Fixing HLA Alloantibodies in Presensitized Kidney Allograft Recipients

“…due to autoreactive antibodies against lymphocyte surface molecules (6). In recent years, cell-independent ELISA-or flow cytometry-based assay systems, which permit HLAspecific alloantibody screening, have been developed (7)(8)(9). For [IgG]FlowPRA screening, a flow-cytometric technique for anti-HLA (class I or II) IgG antibody detection, a particularly high sensitivity and specificity has been reported (9)(10)(11).…”

HLA antibody screening strategy in patients awaiting kidney transplantation

“…An informed consent of the individuals participating in the study was obtained and all institutional ethics requirements were met. Every three months, all patients waiting for a kidney transplant send us a serum sample and we study it by CDC and/or ELISA methods [14][15][16]. The CDC assay was performed on a panel of T (or total) lymphocytes from 40 donors selected from a panel of HLA typed, peripheral blood lymphocytes, to be representative of HLA-A,-B and -C antigen frequencies in our population.…”